European History
Main
Zoom: Half-Century
Renaissance
1350 - 1550European Expansion: Mercantilism, Colonialism, Columbian Exchange
1500 - 1800Reformation
1500 - 1600Scientific Revolution
1500 - 1700Catholic Counter-Reformation
1550 - 1600State-Building: Absolutism (Louis XIV), English Constitutional Monarchy
1600 - 1700Enlightenment
1700 - 1800"18th Century" - Enlightened Absolutism, International Wars, Social Change
1715 - 1789- 1715 was the end of the reign of Louis XIV
- 1789 was the start of the French Revolution
Industrial Revolution
1750 - 1850French Revolution
1789 - 1799Age of Napoleon
1799 - 1815Conservative Order: Metternich, then Bismarck
1815 - 1890Revolution (1930s, 1948) and Reform
1830 - 1850Nationalism: Unification of Germany and Italy
1850 - 1871"Age of Progress" - Mass Society
1871 - 1894Modernity, Anxiety, Imperialism
1894 - 1914World War I
1914 - 1919Inter-War Period
1919 - 1939World War II
1939Cold War
1945 - 1970Post-Cold War and Modern Day
1970 - 2013Britain
Spain
France
Artistic/Intellectual Movements
Mannerism
1520 - 1580Baroque Period
1580 - 1720Neoclassicism
1600 - 1790Rococo
1730 - 1800Romanticism
1800 - 1850Realism
1850 - 1870Impressionism
1870 - 1890Naturalism
1880 - 1900Post-Impressionism
1880 - 1900Cubism/Abstract Movement
1905 - 1914Surrealism
1920 - 1950Russia/USSR
Reign of Ivan III
1462 - 1505- creation of the principality of Moscow
- independence from the Mongols by 1480
Reign of Ivan IV The Terrible
1533 - 1584- 1st Tsar
Time of Troubles
1598 - 1613- Boyar (aristocratic) power
- anarchy
Reign of Michael Romanov
1613 - 1645- made Tsar by the national assembly (Zemsky Sobor)
Reign of the Romanovs
1613 - 1917Urban Uprisings
1641 - 1648Schism of the Russian Orthodox Church
1666Reign of Peter the Great
1682 - 1725- Westernization
- 1722 Table of Ranks: meritocracy
- police state
- army reorganization
- mercantilism
- reforms undone after death
The Great Northern War
1701 - 1721- attack on Sweden with Polish and Danish allies
Reign of Catherine the Great
1762 - 1796Partitions of Poland
1772 - 1795Pugachev Rebellion
1773 - 1774- resulted in increased repression of peasantry and serfdom
War Against the French (2nd European Coalition - Rus., GB, Aus.)
1799 - 1800Reign of Alexander I
1801 - 1825War Against the French (3rd European Coalition - Br., Aus., Rus., Prus.)
1803 - 1807French Invasion of Russia by Napoleon
1812- result of Russian defection from Continental System
Decembrist Revolt
1825Reign of Nicholas I
1825 - 1855Crimean War
1854 - 1856Reign of Alexander II
1855 - 1881Emancipation Edict
1861Three Emperors' League (Ger., Aus.-Hung., Rus.)
1873 - 1878Treaty of San Stefano
1876- Bulgaria becomes Russian satellite state
Congress of Berlin
1878- humiliation for Russians because Bulgaria is returned to the Ottomans
- therefore, Russia ends the Three Emperors' League
Reign of Alexander III
1881 - 1894Sergei Witte, Minister for Finance
1892 - 1906- industrialization
Allies with the French
1894- after German William II drops the 1887 Reinsurance Treaty
Reign of Nicholas II
1894 - 19171905 Revolution
1905- January, Bloody Sunday
- October Manifesto, which created the Duma and civil liberties
Defeat in Russo-Japanese War
1905Nicholas II Undoes Reforms
1907Triple Entente (GB, Fr., Rus.)
1907Bosnian Crisis
1908 - 1909Balkan Wars
1912 - 1913Lenin's Reign
1917 - 1924The Russian Revolution
1917 - 1921March Revolution
March 1917- Tsar abdicates
- Duma reconvenes to form provisional government
Bolshevik Revolution
November 1917Civil War
1918 - 1921- July 1981, Tsar and family murdered