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Use Cases
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Resources
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Pricing
Beginnings-500 BCE
9000 BCE - 7000 BCE
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Fertile Crescent
8000 BCE - 2000 BCE
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The transition from foraging to farming
Also known as the Neolithic Revolution
8000 BCE - 2200 BCE
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New Stone Age
Named for its characteristic stone tool
Era of the Agricultural Revolution
3500 BCE
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3100 BCE
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3000 BCE - 1000 BCE
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2000 BCE
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2000 BCE
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1766 BCE - 1122 BCE
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The earliest Chinese dynasty that left written records
Knowledge of bronze metallurgy and iron working
1000 BCE
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500 BCE-500 CE
1029 BCE - 258 BCE
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Claimed the mandate of heaven
Further centralized the Chinese government
Standardized the spoken language
800 BCE - 336 BCE
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563 BCE - 483 BCE
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Buddhism:
Originated in India
Founded by Gautama (Buddha)
Opposed the caste system
Carried from India by merchants
553 BCE - 330 BCE
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Middle East/Persia
551 BCE - 479 BCE
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Confucianism:
A belief system that created order after the fall of the Zhou
Stressed education, good government, and filial piety
Defined Chinese culture
550 BCE - 330 BCE
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Tolerance toward the customs of conquered peoples
Zoroastrianism
Royal Road
Trade and cultural exchange with Greece
509 BCE
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500 BCE - 479 BCE
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500 BCE - 221 BCE
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Age of "warring states"
470 BCE - 332 BCE
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Aristotle:
A model of Greek thought
Constructed arguments through the use of logic
Wrote on a variety of subjects in politics, art, and science
400 BCE - 300 BCE
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A belief system of China
Adapted the concepts of yin and yang
Understanding comes from following a life force, The Way
Retreat into nature
400 BCE
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383 BCE - 323 BCE
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Greek
336 BCE - 323 BCE
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Unified Greek and Persian culture
Reached the Indian subcontinent (327 BCE) as far as the Indus River, where he set up a border state called Bactria
334 BCE
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323 BCE - 30 BCE
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The era in which Greek culture blended with Persian and other Eastern influences throughout the former empire of Alexander the Great
321 BCE - 185 BCE
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The first rulers to unify most of the Indian subcontinent
Encouraged trade
Spread Buddhism
268 BCE - 232 BCE
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India during the Mauryan dynasty
247 BCE - 224 BCE
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Middle East/Persia
221 BCE - 206 BCE
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Gave China its name
Began the Great Wall
Standardized the written language
Encouraged the manufacture of silk
206 BCE - 220 CE
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Beginning of the Chinese civil service exam
Silk Road trade
Paper manufacture
A time of peace
Strong patriarchy
Decline of Han China:
Poor harvests
Epidemic disease
Moral decline
Weak emperors
Unequal land distribution
Decline in trade
Barbarian invasions
200 BCE - 200 CE
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0 CE - 200 CE
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The Roman Peace
The period of prosperity and stability throughout the Roman Empire
200 CE - 500 CE
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200 CE - 300 CE
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Carried from India by merchants
Buddhist monasteries served as lodging for traders
224 CE - 651 CE
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Middle East/Persia
300 CE
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Principal route in classical times
Use of the camel and the camel saddle
Early trade in salt and palm oil
Supplied Rome with wild animals
300 CE - 400 CE
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300 CE - 800 CE
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"The Greeks of the Americas"
Pictograph writing
Value of zero as a placeholder
Predicted eclipses
Quetzalcoatl legend
300 CE - 700 CE
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Peru
320 CE - 550 CE
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Development of the decimal system
Smallpox inoculation
Sterilization during surgery
Deterioration in the status of women
Decline of Gupta Empire:
Invasions of nomads
Gupta rule already in decline
Local princes became more powerful
Traditional Indian culture continued
Buddhism weakened
380 CE
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400 CE - 600 CE
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476 CE - 1453 CE
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Eastern part of the Roman Empire
Thrived as a center of trade routes
Center of art and architecture
Fell in 1453 to the Ottoman Turks
476 CE
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Decline of Rome:
Ineffective emperors
Decline of trade
Epidemic disease
Poor harvests
Unequal land distribution
Moral decay
Barbarian invasions
589 CE - 618 CE
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Reunites China
661 CE - 750 CE
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Capital at Damascus
An empire that emphasized Arabic ethnicity more than adherence to Islam
Respect for Jews and Christians as People of the Book
500 CE-1500 CE
500 CE - 1500 CE
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527 CE - 565 CE
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570 CE - 632 CE
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618 CE - 907 CE
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Protected trade and travel
Urbanization
Land redistribution
Gunpowder invented
Tea and fast-growing rice imported from Vietnam
650 CE - 660 CE
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656 CE
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688 CE
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750 CE - 1258 CE
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Capital at Baghdad
Welcomed converts to Islam
Preserved Greco-Roman learning
Achievements in science, mathematics
Urbanization
750 CE - 900 CE
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800 CE
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800 CE - 1000 CE
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845 CE
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850 CE
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868 CE
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900 CE - 1250 CE
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The Americas
939 CE
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950 CE - 1150 CE
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960 CE - 1279 CE
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Movable type
Magnetic compass
Abacus
Foot binding among elite classes
Flame-throwers and rocket launchers
Landscape paintings
988 CE
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1000 CE
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1000 CE - 1400 CE
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Gothic architecture
Universities
Centralized monarchies
Urbanization
Growth of banking
1000 CE - 1200 CE
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1095 CE
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1099 CE
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1206 CE - 1526 CE
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Muslim rule of northern India
Appealed to some Buddhists, members of lower Hindu castes, and untouchables
1250 CE - 1350 CE
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The time period in which the Mongols ensured the safety of Eurasian trade and travel
1258 CE
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1266 CE
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1271 CE - 1368 CE
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Name given to the Mongol rule of China
Religious toleration
Welcomed foreign scholars and artisans
Chinese local officials
1279 CE - 1368 CE
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1325 CE - 1352 CE
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1348 CE - 1350 CE
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European name for the outbreak of the bubonic plague that spread across Asia, Europe, and North Africa
1368 CE - 1644 CE
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Return to Chinese tradition
Thought control
Neo-Confucianism
Zheng He voyages
Interest in Western technology
1400 CE
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1400 CE - 1500 CE
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1405 CE - 1433 CE
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Massive expeditions into the Indian Ocean to display glories of the Middle Kingdom
Traded porcelain
1450 CE
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1453 CE
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1453 CE
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1467 CE - 1568 CE
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1492 CE
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1492 CE
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1520 CE - 1530 CE
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1526 CE
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Gunpowder empire
control of northern and central India
Cooperation between Hindus and Muslims
Decline of its power opened doors for the British in India
1450 CE-1750 CE
1400 CE - 1500 CE
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1400 CE - 1600 CE
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The revival of learning in Europe
1433 CE
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1441 CE
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1453 CE
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1464 CE - 1591 CE
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West Africa
1492 CE
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The exchange of food crops, livestock, and disease between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres after the voyages of Columbus
1494 CE
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1498 CE
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1500 CE - 1530 CE
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1501 CE - 1722 CE
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1516 CE
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1517 CE
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1517 CE
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Movement begun by Martin Luther to reform beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church
Produced new Christian denominations
1519 CE - 1521 CE
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1519 CE - 1521 CE
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1520 CE - 1566 CE
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1526 CE - 1707 CE
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1529 CE
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1532 CE - 1540 CE
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1534 CE - 1639 CE
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1541 CE
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1543 CE
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1550 CE
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1556 CE - 1605 CE
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1565 CE
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1600 CE - 1602 CE
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1600 CE
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1600 CE - 1700 CE
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A European intellectual movement in the seventeenth century that established the basis for modern science
1603 CE
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Brought a degree of centralized authority to Japan
Ruled from Edo (present-day Tokyo)
Persecution of Christians
Ban on most trade
1607 CE
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Jamestown, VA
1608 CE
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1618 CE - 1648 CE
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1642 CE - 1727 CE
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1644 CE
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1652 CE
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1670 CE - 1820 CE
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1682 CE - 1725 CE
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1683 CE
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1699 CE - 1792 CE
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Corrupt rulers
Strengthened military power of Christians and other Muslims
Effects of European inflation
Reliance on outdated technology
1700 CE - 1800 CE
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1700 CE - 1800 CE
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1700 CE - 1800 CE
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1707 CE - 1800 CE
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1750 CE - 1760 CE
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1775 CE - 1783 CE
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1750 CE-1914 CE
1700 CE - 1800 CE
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In eighteenth-century Europe, a philosophical movement based on reason
Stressed education to improve humankind and society
1700 CE - 1800 CE
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Undertaken by Peter the Great and Catherine the Great
Appreciation for Western technology
Ballet introduced
Some Enlightenment ideas
1740 CE - 1818 CE
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1750 CE - 1760 CE
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1775 CE - 1783 CE
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1776 CE
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Declared the independence of the United States of America from Britain
Modeled after the political philosophy of John Locke
1780 CE - 1790 CE
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1780 CE - 1790 CE
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The transition between the domestic system of manufacturing and the mechanization of production in a factory setting
1783 CE - 1830 CE
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1787 CE
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1789 CE
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A statement of political rights adopted by the French National Assembly during the French Revolution
1789 CE - 1799 CE
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1791 CE - 1803 CE
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1793 CE
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1793 CE - 1794 CE
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The period of the most extreme violence during the French Revolution
1798 CE
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1799 CE - 1814 CE
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1803
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1805 CE - 1848 CE
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1810 CE - 1825 CE
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1815 CE - 1817 CE
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1830 CE - 1840 CE
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1830 CE
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1838 CE - 1842 CE
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War between Britain and China
Began with Qing dynasty's refusal to allow continued opium importation into China
1839 CE - 1876 CE
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Designed to make the government and military more efficient
1842 CE
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Ended the Opium War
Ceded Hong Kong to the British
1845 CE - 1848 CE
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1848 CE
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Written by Karl Marx
1848 CE
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Seneca Falls, New York
1849 CE
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1850 CE - 1860 CE
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1850 CE - 1860 CE
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1850 CE - 1864 CE
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1857 CE - 1858 CE
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1858 CE - 1893 CE
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1861 CE
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1861 CE - 1895 CE
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Movement in which the Chinese modernized their army and encouraged Western investment in factories and railways
1861 CE - 1865 CE
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1867 CE
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YAY CANADA
1868 CE
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The restoration of the Meiji emperor
Beginning of a program of industrialization and centralization of Japan
1869 CE
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1869 CE
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Canal constructed by Egypt across the Isthmus of Suez
1870 CE - 1871 CE
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1875 CE - 1900 CE
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1876 CE
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1884 CE - 1885 CE
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Meeting of European imperialist powers to divide Africa among them
1885 CE
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The political party that became the leader of the Indian nationalist movement
1886 CE - 1888 CE
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1895 CE
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Fought for control of Korea
Japan defeated China
1898 CE - 1902 CE
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US acquires the Philippines
Began the rise of the US as a world power
1899 CE - 1901 CE
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Revolt against foreign residents of China
1904 CE - 1914 CE
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1904 CE - 1905 CE
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War between Japan and Russia over Machuria
Resulted in the defeat of Russia by the Japanese navy
1905 CE
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1905 CE
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Strikes by urban workers and peasants in Russia
Prompted by shortages of food and by Russia's loss to Japan in 1905
1908 CE
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Young Turks:
A society founded in 1889 in the Ottoman Empire
Designed to restore the constitution of 1876 and to reform the empire
1910 CE
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1910 CE - 1920 CE
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1911 CE
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1914 CE
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1914 CE-Present Day
1914 CE - 1918 CE
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Allied powers: Great Britain, France, Russia, US, etc.
Central powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire, etc.
New technology: Airplanes, tanks, better weaponry, poison gas
Effects of WWI on Europe:
Death of 10 million Europeans
Elimination of nearly a generation of young European men
Resulting decline in marriages lowered the birth rate
1917 CE
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1919 CE - 1946 CE
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International organization founded after WWI to promote peace and cooperation among nations
1919 CE
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Ended WWI
The 1919 peace treaty between Germany and most Allied nations
Blamed WWI on Germany and assessed it heavy reparations and large territorial losses
1921 CE
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1923 CE - 1938 CE
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1928 CE - 1991 CE
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Plans for industrial production introduced to the Soviet Union by Joseph Stalin
Made the Soviet Union a major industrial power
1928 CE
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1929 CE - 1953 CE
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1929 CE
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The period of prolonged economic distress between the world wars
Diminished global trade produced massive worldwide unemployment
1933 CE
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1934 CE - 1935 CE
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1936 CE - 1939 CE
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A conflict that resulted in the installation of fascist dictator Francisco Franco as ruler of Spain
1937 CE
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Starts WWI in Asia
1939 CE - 1945 CE
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Allied powers: Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, US, etc.
Holocaust: The Nazi program during WWII that killed 6 million Jews and other groups of people considered "undesirable"
New technology: Atomic bomb, jet engines, tape recordings, radar
Effects of WWII:
Death of 35 million people
Postwar boundary changes forced hundreds of thousands of displaced persons to relocate
1940 CE - 1980 CE
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Improved irrigation methods and the use of high-yield seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides to improve agricultural production
Especially successful in Asia
1940 CE - 1980 CE
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French colony
Occupied by Japan during WWII
France unable to regain control
1960s: US military involvement
1975: Fall of the entire country to communism
1945 CE
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1945 CE - 1950 CE
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1945 CE
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The international organization founded in 1945 to establish peace and cooperation among nations
1945 CE
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IMF: An international organization founded to promote market economies and free trade
World Bank: An agency of the UN that offers loans to countries to promote trade and economic development
1946 CE - 1991 CE
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The tense diplomatic relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union after WWII
1947 CE
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1948 CE
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UN partitioned Palestine into Jewish and Arab countries
The independent state of Israel was proclaimed
1949 CE
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1949 CE
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A defense alliance between the nations of Western Europe and North America
1950 CE
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Invasion of North Korea into South Korea
North Korea was backed by the Soviet Union
South Korea was backed by a US-led United Nations coalition
1950 CE - 1953 CE
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1955 CE
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The agreement between the Soviet Union and the countries of Eastern Europe in response to the creation of NATO
1957 CE - 1975 CE
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1957 CE
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1958 CE - 1961 CE
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The disastrous economic policy of Mao Zedong that proposed the use of small-scale industrial projects on individual peasant communes
1959 CE
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1960 CE - 1970 CE
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1961 CE - 1989 CE
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A wall constructed by the Soviets to divide East and West Berlin
Built to stem the tide of refugees from East Berlin to West Berlin
1962 CE
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Confrontation between the US and the Soviet Union over the presence of Soviet Missiles in Cuba
A classic example of brinkmanship
1963 CE
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1964 CE
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1965 CE - 1973 CE
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1966 CE - 1976 CE
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A Chinese movement intended to establish an egalitarian society of peasants and workers
1970 CE
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1970 CE - Present
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1976 CE - 1990 CE
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1979 CE
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1979 CE - 1989 CE
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Invasion to support communist combatants in Afghanistan's civil war
Soviet withdrawal in 1989 after failing to establish communism
1979 CE - 1989 CE
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1985 CE - 1990 CE
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1989 CE
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1990 CE - 2000 CE
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1991 CE
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1991 CE
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1994 CE
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African majority rule in South Africa
1994 CE
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Designed to reduce trade barriers and promote economic unity in Europe
Formed to replace the European Economic Community
1995 CE
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An international organization begun in 1995 to promote and organize world trade
1999 CE
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Seattle, Washington
2000 CE
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2001 CE
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2002 CE
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2003 CE
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2008 CE
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