The History of Projectile Motion

Greece. Aristotle established logical reasoning and applied it to science and mathematics. This is the foundation for experimental thinking. He also developed the foundation for motion. He discovered that an object moves because of force that has/is enacted upon it.

England. William established that the cause of motion was the ratio of distance to time otherwise known as velocity. Aristotle relates motion to force, William relates motion to time and distance.

England. Bradwardine developed the concept of instantaneous velocity, functions to relate factors of motion, a method of calculating distance at uniform acceleration, foundations of analytical geometry and calculus. He developed a way of calculating Aristotle's theory of force and motion.

France. These three scholars applied the Mertonians' discoveries and developed the theory of impetus, "the force or energy with which a body moves." These scholars are elaborating on Aristotle's theory of the effect of force on an object.

England. These three Mertonians developed the process of experimentation and measurement. They applied Aristotle's process of logical reasoning to science and math.

Italy. Gaetano distinguished between uniform and nonuniform motion. He elaborated on Aristotle's theory of natural and violent motion.

Spain. Soto developed an experimental mentality. He also developed a method which "substituted a one-variable schema for a two-variable schema," which allowed Galileo to associate acceleration with falling bodies. He developed methods of calculating Aristotle's theory of motion.

Italy. They "provided the proximate materials for the development of an experimentalist mentality." They applied Aristotle's logical reasoning to science and math.

Italy. Galileo was an astronomer and is considered to be the father of modern science. He developed the concept of projectile motion. He took Aristotle's theory of motion and based the concept of projectile motion off of it.