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Use Cases
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Resources
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Pricing
1000
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1000 - 1150
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1000
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Pearson attributes this to a "technology transfer", possibly indicating that Indian traders brought cloth-making to East Africa.
1000
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1100
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1150 - 1505
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1170
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Although trade in these commodities probably had a long history by this date, it is signficant that slaves were being traded in Red Sea ports already in the12th century and in India in the 13th.
1200
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1200
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A significant wave of emigres from Hadramaut could be attributed to war, famine, or drought in their homeland.
1200 - 1350
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1250 - 1330
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1300
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1300
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1300
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This decline is attributed to an increase in competition from India, especially in textiles treated with dyes unavailable in East Africa.
1350 - 1500
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1450 - 1505
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1500
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Civil wars in the African interior (around the Zambezi river) would have disrupted the gold trade upon which Kilwa's strength depended.
1500 - 1600
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Spanish discovery of gold in the Americas increased competition in the gold trade, lessening the demand for East African gold.
1500
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This shows that Kilwa no longer had control over the commercial activities of Sofala.
1550
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950
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This is the beginning of the Shirazi period in East Africa in which Muslims of Persian origin held power in several ports.
970
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1277
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Under bin Talut, Kilwa was transformed into a commercial center.
1430
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The Kingdom of Mutapa was centered around the Zambezi river and was important in gold and ivory trade from the interior.
1490
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Civil wars in the interior disrupted the gold trading routes to the coastline ports.
1502
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1503
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1505
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