ED371 timeline

This was the first advocacy organization for children with disabilities which was aimed at making sure students with disabilities receive FAPE in the LRE; as well as the promotion and development of the special education profession. The CEC is best known for activity with legislation.

This association includes concerns similar to CEC but extends beyond education. ARC is best known for its litigation.

This landmark court case fought for the desegregation of all public school systems in the United States and determined that separate but equal was intact unconstitutional. The decision kickstarted litigation and legislation regarding students with disabilities.

This law was signed by President Nixon which prohibits discrimination in the workplace, schools and all entities receiving federal funding. It requires individual plans for eligible students who need accommodation and modifications to receive FAPE.

This law was called the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. It secured the basic ideas, rights, and responsibilities to ensure equal access to public education for children with disabilities. The most important part of this is that prior written notice must be provided to the parent regarding changes to identification, evaluation or educational placement of a child and their FAPE.

This act guarantees that people with special needs have the same right as others in all places including school and work. This act also ruled that people with special needs can nt be discriminated against in the school, workforce, or everyday places like public transportation.

This act was a reauthorization of PL No. 94-142. The law includes 6 pillars: FAPE, LRE, IEP, evaluation, parent/student participation, and procedural safeguards for all participants. It is also divided into 4 sections: Part A- general provisions, Part B- assistance for education of all children with disabilities, Part C- infants and toddlers with disabilities and lastly Part D- national activities the improve education of children with disabilities.

This law called for students to be proficient in math and reading by 2014. It was viewed both as a positive and a negative. The intention was to "level the playing field" and for schools to report their Annual Yearly Progress numbers within a given time frame or else everyone would be fired and new "better" staff would be brought in. NCLB tested students to death and expected highly qualified teachers to be working which is great in theory but its application was not the best.

This reauthorization made changes to the original IDEA including IEP, due process and student discipline. Even though this was signed in 2004, it wasn't truly implemented until closer to 2008. It also provided a definition to "highly qualified" special education teacher, encouraged the use of the RTI model in classrooms and removed short term goals except in most severe disability cases.

The parents sued the school for tuition to a private school because the school was not able to provide a "meaningful education". A confusion with terminology in courts led to a debate of what school are legally required to provide for student with disabilities. The court ruled in favor of a higher standard of education for students with disabilities which changes the care and education for a lot of students in the last 2 years.