Jack Hoover Period 3 Timeline

The Greeks were known as one of the most sophisticated ancient civilizations. They were known for their contribution to philosophy, math, and science.

The Roman republic started when the Romans overthrew their monarchs and replaced them with elected officials. The Roman empire started when Augustus Ceasar gave himself the title of emperor. Ceasar pretended that Rome was still a republic but he held absolute power.

Alexander led the Greeks into battle against Persia, conquering lots of their land and vastly expanding Greek borders. This was known as the Hellenistic period in Greece.

The Roman republic started when the Romans overthrew their monarchs and replaced them with elected officials. The Roman empire started when Augustus Ceasar gave himself the title of emperor. Ceasar pretended that Rome was still a republic but he held absolute power.

Christianity began after Jesus was burned at the stake. It was widely spread by the Holy Roman empire, becoming its state religion.

This was the eastern part of the Roman empire. the Byzantines ruled most of eastern and southeastern Europe during the middle ages and were heavily Christian.

The Astrolabe was used widely in Europe and the Islamic world during the middle ages. It was also used by mariners in the 15th century for celestial navigation.

This was a period of artistic, cultural, economic, and political rebirth in Europe. This also promoted the rediscovery of classical knowledge.

A massive plague spread through Europe from rats and other creatures mainly due to poor sanitation. This wiped out over half of the European population at the time.

The European people were getting tired of the Catholic church’s corruption. This resulted in starting their own branch of Christianity in order to compete with and remove power from the church.

This was the evolution of modern medicine and science during the early modern period. Society’s views about nature drastically changed.

This was a period of resurgence for the Catholic Church. It was also a response to the original protestant reformation.

This was an extension of the Columbian exchange. Silver was mined in the Americas and traded to China by Europe.

Peter the Great, a Russian czar, implemented policies in Russia. These policies were meant to adopt many European customs and policies in order to become as advanced as western Europe.

This was a period of philosophical renaissance in Europe. It emphasized individualism and reason rather than traditions.

This was the widespread change from hunter-gatherers to agriculture. Humans became more sedentary in their settlements.

This was a large-scale empire that stretched from Egypt to India, there were lots of natural resources. It was once the most powerful state in the world.

The first prophet, Muhammed, proclaimed that he had spoken to god himself. He started a religion and led people based on his own beliefs.

Goods from the west Africans were traded to Europe for things like chainmail, swords, etc. Slaves were also traded from Africa to other places.

Mali was a very rich empire due to its vast amounts of gold and salt mines. Their leader, Mansa Musa was the richest man to ever live.

The Ottomans were one of the longest lasting Muslim empires in history. They were very powerful because they took over land from the fallen Byzantine empire.

Ibn Battuta was a Muslim who wanted to go on pilgrimage in Africa. He wrote about his travels and became famous for it.

The Portuguese king wanted to have access to the gold mines of western Africa. After participating in the Indian trade, Portugal came out of their explorations richer than they were before.

The Songhay were a very powerful Muslim state in Africa. They took advantaged of the weakened Mali empire in order to extend their rule.

This was the only major Muslim empire that was Shi’a Muslim. They were a Persian military state.

The Mughals controlled India and Pakistan and consolidated the Muslim faith. They ruled over a Hindu majority.

The Dahomey Kingdom was a major power in Africa after conquering 2 neighboring kingdoms. They lost their power and sovereignty after they were conquered by the French and exploited into the slave trade.

The Polynesian people originated in the South of Asia. They migrated eastward and southward ending up in places such as Hawaii.

Crops that American settlers and Native Americans grew in the Americas were traded to Europe and Africa and vice versa. This also spread diseases to the Americas, killing a lot of natives.

This was the practice of trading slaves from Africa to the new world. Slaves to work on plantations or just do general labor for the colonists.

This was a labor system implemented by the Spanish to the Americas. A Spanish encomendero was granted several native slaves that were to work for them.

This was the journey of Slaves from Africa to the Americas. The conditions were harsh and slaves had no rights.

The Spanish conquered the Aztecs and claimed their land as Mexico. They also modernized their society and ended their practice of human sacrifice.

The Spanish conquered the Incas after they had been weakened by European diseases and a civil war. The Incas had been manipulated by the Spanish into fighting themselves so that the Spanish could easily conquer them.

This was the first successful British colony in the Americas. It laid the foundation for future American colonies.