History of genetics

Between 1856 and 1863 conducted experiments on cross breeding of pea plants, to test the existing theories of plant hybridization. Existing theories were disproven, new theories were constructed, and results were published in 1866.

In 1902, Theodor Boveri observed that proper embryonic development of sea urchins does not occur unless chromosomes are present. Boveri suggested that chromosomes must be involved in heredity, and that sperm and egg contribute equal amounts of chromosomes. Study was published in 1890

Medel's research was rediscovered and expanded upon by Theodor Boveri and Walter Sutton.

Thomas Hunt Morgan breeds massive amounts of fruit flies in 1907, intending to prove Darwin's theories of evolution by large amounts mutation. Discovers that chromosomes are in fact responsible for heredity. Notably discovered the link between sex and the XX/XY chromosome combinations, and X linked traits such as eye colour.

Crick argues that the purpose of genes is protein synthesis, and brings up the importance of further research into genetics

A coordinated effort to sequence the human genome was conceived and discussed during the mid-1980s, as it was becoming technically achievable. Numerous projects planning on doing so were formed, notably including the international Human Genome Project, which started in October 1990. This was expected to be completed by 2005.

Celera Genomics announced the first complete assembly of the human genome. Using whole genome shotgun sequencing, Celera began sequencing in September 1999 and finished in December.