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1 CE - 100 CE
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The Kingdom of Axum began to prosper from the 1st century CE thanks to its rich agricultural lands, dependable summer monsoon rains and control of the regional trade. Included links with Egypt to the north and, to the east, along the East African coast and southern Arabia. Wealth acquired through trade and military might was added to this prosperous period agricultural base and so, in the late 1st century CE, a single king replaced a confederation of chiefdoms and forged a united kingdom that would dominate the Ethiopian highlands for the next six centuries.
200 CE - 500 CE
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Axum king Ezana I (303-350 CE) responder with a large force, sacking the capital, Meroe. First sub-Saharan African state to mint its own coinage and, around 350 CE, the first to adopt Christianity. It started to take off around 350 CE. Already established some dominance over Yemen in southern Arabia as well as Somalia in the southeast and several smaller tribes to the southwest. In the first quarter of the 6th century CE the kingdom came to occupy a territory with good control of trade.
270 AD
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Gold and silver coins were used as money.
300 CE - 400 CE
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Nubia (Kush) attacked Axum from the north, because of a dispute over control of the region’s ivory trade.
500 CE - 600 CE
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The decline of Axum was possibly due to the overuse of agricultural land or the incursion or western Bedja herders who, forming themselves into small kingdoms , grabbed parts of Axum territory for grazing their cattle and who persistently attacked Axum camel caravans.
523 CE - 525 CE
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The King of Yemen, Yusuf As'ar Yathar, persecuted Christians, and Kaleb, who himself ruled over a Christian State, responded ny sending a force into Yemen. The invasion was supported by the Byzantine Empire due to diplomatic ties. They won.
600 CE - 700 CE
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There was another decline due to increased competition from Muslim Arab traders and the rise of rival local people's such as the Bedja.
700 CE - 800 CE
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Axum survived as a political entity.
1200 CE - 1300 CE
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It became a much smaller territory in the south and the remnants eventually rose again to form Abyssinia.
1270 CE
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The territory of Axum developed into the medieval kingdom of Abyssinia with the founding of the Solomonid dynasty, whose kings claimed direct descent form the Biblical King Solomon and Queen of Sheba.