Pre hispanic cultures timeline

In the first decades of the twentieth century, Mexican anthropologists found that below the great ceremonial centers called classics, such as Teotihuacan and those in the Mayan area, there were more primitive remains. For that reason, they denominated Preclassic to the cultural period of greater antiquity.

Economic: Agriculture, gathering, hunting and fishing, intensive and extensive agriculture, payment of taxes.
Political: They were managed between the coexistence of different states and cacicazgos, which eventually achieved temporary regional dominance.
Cultural: Application and use of zero, hieroglyphic writing, colorful murals, works: Popol-Vuhh and Chilam-Balam, measurement of the stars, months and days, knowledge of engineering and mathematics.
Social: It was divided between the ruling elite and the mass of commoners, an order that was based on military strength and religious tradition.

Social: Minority that had various social privileges and managed politics. Priests and warriors, who lived in ceremonial centers, were part of this class.

The rest were peasants who lived in villages and were responsible for the cultivation of the land or the construction of ceremonial centers.
Economic: They developed an incipient agriculture and grew corn.
Cultural: La Venta, Tres Zapotes and San Lorenzo.
They were the first to develop a hieroglyphic writing system.
Ceramic vessels, small human and zoomorphic figures of jade, terracotta and obsidian, and various jewels.
Political: Theocratic society, its supreme chief was also a priest.

General population growth, the construction of huge and lavish cities making use of a remarkable handling of the stone and an evident advance in the domain of techniques related to ceramics, metallurgy and goldsmithing.

Its characteristics are the rise of cities, the beginning of distance commerce and it develops under monumental urbanism.

Social: Classicist type, as it encompassed a social class of a militaristic type, so the military class was the first in order, followed by priests, the others being in the third plane, and ultimately the slaves.
Political: His political organization was a monarchy, with great military power.
Economic: Metal work, agriculture, tax collection, fruit collection and fishing.
Cultural: Tula, architecture, pottery and painting.

Economic: Agriculture, hunting, domestic and foreign trade.
Social: Nobles and priests, warriors, peasants, artisans, builders, divided into neighborhoods and it was mandatory to attend the war in the case of men.
Cultural: Elegant architecture, sacred monuments, ceramic art, buildings and hydraulic works, important cities such as Monte Albán.
Political:
Ruling class- Priests, military, merchants
Dominated class- Farmers, chargers, hunters, goldsmiths, weavers

The main characteristic of the Postclassic was militarism. In this period there was great mobility of the population of the North, political instability, dissemination of cultural elements and processes of power expansion. Central Mexico is the main stage of this period.

Economic: It was mainly agricultural, with a lot of commercial exchange with neighboring cultures during its heyday.
Political: it was governed theocratically, that is, through the government of its religious leaders.
Social: it was elitist: was hierarchized through distinct classes, with military nobility at the top, followed by a caste of officials and priests of aristocratic origin, in charge of urban and population administration. In the last place was the strata of farmers, artisans and merchants.
Cultural: Ceramic remains, murals and similar icons outside the area.

Economic: They were based on agriculture. Among the grains they planted were corn, chili, beans and squash. They also grew cocoa and cotton.
Cultural: This society was constituted in strata or hierarchies. At the top of this hierarchical pyramid was the chieftain and the governor of each Mixtec region. Then there were the nobles, they were in charge of the administration. On a lower step were the merchants, artisans and peasants. Further down in this hierarchy were the servants and slaves.
Political: His political organization established manors independently in each region.
Social: Metallurgy, ceramics, type of logographic and pictographic writing.

Economic: Its economy was based on tax collection, commerce and agriculture.
Social: It was made up of castes, headed by a military nobility, leader of the extremely active warrior class. Then there were the priests and those in charge of the cult, and then the commoners (macehualtin), in charge of agricultural and engineering work.
Cultural: It was one of the first cultures that founded schools, including one for women.
Political: The city was run by its Tlatoani, that is, its speaker, the highest authority in city affairs.