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Use Cases
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Resources
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Overview of Break up of Roman Empire to Carolingian Collapse
Overview of Break up of Roman Empire to Carolingian Collapse
95 AD - 180
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Choose good successors
150 - 225
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before Jerome said Christians should reject science, pagans should become Christian with no compromises, long term attacking author for Christianity-ancient fox
180 - 284
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200 - 300
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East, Egyptian Christian, went into desert to fight sin and temptation, solitary hermit
284 - 305
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From around croatia today, another fighting emperor-more successful-needed money to pay troops for service, economy fuled by conquest, reformed Roman emperors into:
2 Augusti (senior) 2 Caesars (junior)
Diocletion choose the wealthier east for himself, tried to stop crisis by implementing programs like centus and set prices, last Christian persecuetion
306 - 337
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312 Became Emperor at the Battle of Milvian Bridge
Ruled in similar way as Diocletion
Converted to Christianity (story goes he promised to convert if he won)
Edict of Milan(313)=religious tolerance
Constantinople founded in east-became "center"
312
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325
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Constantine wanted Christianity to be clearer
Positions were:
Arian: Jesus was more man than god
Monophysite: Jesus was more god then man
Nicene Creed: Jesus was 100% Man and 100% God
340 - 420
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Should Christians reject science?
He came from Christian family, famous dream that God told him he was not a good Christian because he was focused on Latin writings-made uneasy decision to use his knowledge to interpret Bible-was also papal secretary
-410:The Vulgate-becomes the word of God for Latin speaking world for 1000yrs, new Latin tradition
354 - 430
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Born in North Africa, wrote autobiography, came from religiously mixed family,mother Monica was Christian
He was well educated (Roman Style) had mistress and son, tought in Rome for a little while, appointed court orator
Eventually Neoplatism helped him convert to Christianity
395: becomes Bishop of Hippo, wrote Confessions and City of God
Neoplatism:there is a "heart of the universe"-metaphysical goodness, goal is to reach it, can be interpreted as Christainity
376
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378
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378 - 395
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IN ROME! dealt with Visigoth invaders, gave them some autonomy (not really a choice)
Different from edict of Milan, now only Othrodox Christianity was acceptable(VIsigoths were Arian) biological children ruled after him
410
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sacked Rome in 410-angry at not being immersed in Roman lifestyle
Honorius (son of Theodosius) shouldn't have executed Stilicho because he needed him to defend Rome
460 - 490
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Roman British family, captured by Irish pirates, unknown exactly when Ireland converted, Ireland was rural-bands/tribes vision from god to go convert Irish
476
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Odvocar (Germanic General) deposes last child emperor in west (Romulus Augustulus
480 - 524
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Born into Theodoric's Italy, Christian family, father was elite (consul) Boethius became consul in 510, translated many works into Latin to help Roman education "liberal arts" quadrivium and trivium grammer, logic and rhetoric-accused of plot with eastern emperor-wrote Consulation of Philosopy in prison-executed in 524
481
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last of the Frankish commanders to fight on side of Rome-father of clovis
481 - 511
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Merovingian line- reveresed father's position, fought against Rome 486-defeated Syagrius at the Battle of Soissons, recognized by emperor in east, became a Catholic Christian-not Aryan beacuause of marriage to Clothilda "Baptism of Clovis"=church moment
Clotilda: wife of Clovis, mother was Roman aristocracy, ftahter was barbarian, uncle killed parents and adopted her, Clovis killed him and converted
Merovingian family-equal inheritance and chaos
486
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490 - 583
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Official at Ostrogotic court, from elite Roman Christian family, offical letter writer for Theodoric, 514 became consul wrote Variae/Chronica/History of the Goths, outlives Theodoric into period of chaos
540-leaves for Constantinople, 555 back to southern Italy
Cassidorius 585 working on later spelling book as Roman empire collapses
493 - 526
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Grew up in east (Emperor Zeno's court), but inherited Ostrogoth father's title
Agrees to reconquer Italy for eastern emperor
Has Odvocar murdered, but eastern emperor never comes
Theodoric takes over-brought back Roman lifestyle and allowed Orthodoxy
500 - 600
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Italian Christian, founded monastary during chaos, practical thing to do really, put up walls
created rules-about how monks should live their lives
527 - 565
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Eastern emperor-last of them? worked to reunite both halves of the empire, had worldview that Rome should be seat of power, higher taxes to raise money, led to Nika Riots-chariot races where all were killed, his general Belasarius conquered Northern Africa, some success in Italy does not last though-Justinian had spent everything on his invasion and had new invasions from Persia to worry about-improved Constantinople
Theodora: Justininians wife, was a stage performer before she married, controverisal amasses a lot of power and was resented-Propius
Corpus Juris Civilis: 4 books on Roman law Code/novels/digest/institutions-revision/new legislation/ summary of commentaries on law/ textbooks of legal princeples
535 - 555
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540 - 604
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born into Italian Peninsula chaos, became prefect of Rome, founded monastary (St. Andrews) travelf for Pope, many writings (Pastoral Care) launched an attempt to convert British Isles-gentler conversion
560 - 636
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Catholic Bishop in Spain, kingdom of visigoths, same time as Cassidorucs 590-bishops now matter as kindom is Catholic
Wrote Etymologies-154 classical authors! wikipedia cited
570 - 632
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Mecca-crossroads main trading post before Islam, cultural not ethnic, center of polytheism, had contact with Byzantine empire
Muhammad-born into powerful family in Mecca. 595 married widow. 610-first revelations, word of God through Gabriel
630-bloodlessly conquered Mecca, successful just not geographically
597
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sent to England-obvious place to missionize-by Greg the Great, from St. Andrews, England was more closely linked to Pagan world than Franks, made him Archbishop of Canterbury-Rome for power conversion was gentle-still remnants
622
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Journey from Mecca to Medina where he gathered followers
The Qur'an-114 chapters longest-shortest (not chronological) Muslims believe that this is word for word the word of God and should not be translated
Five Pillars of Islam
1)Profession of Faith 3) Fast of Ramadan 5) Pilgrimag(Mecca)
2) Daily Worship 4) Alms for Poor
630
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661 - 750
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Centered on Damascus-by 750 spred from Arabia outward thorugh Noth Africa-Spain-Caspian Sea
663
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70 years after Augustine of Canterbury,meeting of English bishops, King of Northumbria wanted to know what "brand" of Christianity of follow-Irish or Roman, ended up choosing Roman
673 - 733
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Northumbrian Renaissance
Wrote History of English People (new cultural unity)
wrote widely and on many subjects
copedied letters and bookss-as a benedictien monk
popularized AD datind
675 - 754
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Missionizing eastern Franks, from Saxony, used to be Winifred, got permission in 719 to missionze, was martyred
680 - 714
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"Charles Family-ruled after Merovingians fell after Brunehilda vs Clothar-Dagobert makes mayor/major idea-where Carolingians come from
714 - 741
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Charles the Hammer! expands father's power, Battle of Pointers-Tours (732) stopped Islamic raiding party-good propoganda, helped St. Binedict because he knew where Christianity went kindom would probably follow, NOT A KING YET!
735 - 804
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Anglo/Saxon, ran Charlemagne's school, well learned and taught aristocracy
741 - 768
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Mayor from 741, crowned king in 751, really had be ruling before that, supported, mutually, by Pope, annoited by Boniface (751) started relationship b/w Franks and Popes
750 - 861
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Centered on Baghdad
Sunnis-followers of the caliph
Shii'a-self-undesrstood minority(10%)-believe true leader must be from Muhammad's bloodline, will emerge one day
Dhimmis-non-muslims in muslim empire, people of the book, not persecuted but had to pay higher tax rates, sometimes even discouraged from converting because of this-Jews and Christians not polytheists
750 - 800
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forged document of Constantine saying popes were leaders of bishops and/or west
751
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768 - 814
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Charles the Great, strong warrior, expanded territory, promated learning wanted centralized government, fought Saxons every year, wanted written orders (capitualaries) and for them to be obeyed, people did obey for first time in years "Europe" first used crowned Holy Roman Emperor
770 - 840
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lived through Charlemagne, sent to palace school lothar's tutor, wrote "Life of Charlemagne" was from monastary but not monk
774
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many individuals involved, improved interestin classics, learnig salvage and consolidate, standardization of many things bible/music etc. Carolingian minuscule-new form of writing
793
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Vikings-from north and most influential raiders, settled on British isles and attacked monastaries
Magyars-polytheist invaders from Asian steppes
800
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808 - 849
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monastary in Switzerland-edited Life of Charlemagne
tutor to Charles the bald
saw things disentegrating
814 - 840
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Charlemagne's son, not as tough, under thumb of church
2 wives, 4 sons
830
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Lothar/Pippin/Louis/Charles
843
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Lothar/Louis/Charles divided up kingdom into 3 sections, Lothar got title and small middle, went to son went to Charles
850 - 1050
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Split b/w Greece and Rome Churches
886
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Carolingian noblewomen, womean have more power during unstable times, wrote a book for her son "Handbook for WIlliam" when husband took sons and left only one manuscript proves women author
900 - 1000
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