Scientific Events in the history

His book "Philosophi Naturalis Principia Mathematica" published in 1687. Newton's Principia formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation that dominated scientists' view of the physical universe for the next three centuries. It also demonstrated that the motion of objects on the earth and that of celestial bodies could be described by the same principles.

The "father of modern chemistry," was a French nobleman prominent in the histories of chemistry and biology. He named oxygen (1778) and hydrogen (1783) and predicted silicon (1787).
He helped construct the metric system, put together the first extensive list of elements, and helped to reform chemical nomenclature. He was also the first to establish that sulfur was an element (1777) rather than a compound.
He discovered that, although matter may change its form or shape, its mass always remains the same.

He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestors, and proposed the scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection.
He published his theory of evolution in his(1859) book "On the Origin of Species".

Freud qualified as a Doctor of Medicine in 1881, and then carried out research into cerebral palsy, aphasia and microscopic neuroanatomy . Freud postulated the existence of libido, developed therapeutic techniques, discovered transference and established its central role in the analytic process, and proposed that dreams help to preserve sleep by representing sensory stimulii as fulfilled wishes that would.
As such it continues to generate extensive debate, notably over its scientific status and as to whether it advances or is detrimental to the feminist cause.

He was German-born theoretical physicist.His best known for his mass–energy equivalence formula, he received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics.In 1917, He applied the general theory of relativity to model the structure of the universe as a whole.
He was visiting the United States when Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, and did not go back to Germany.
He helped alert President Franklin Roosevelt that Germany might be developing an atomic weapon, reserch that eventually led to what would become the Manhattan Project.

He was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer. A key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution, he is best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion, based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of Copernican Astronomy. He did fundamental work in the field of optics, invented an improved version of the refracting telescope (the Keplerian Telescope), and mentioned the telescopic discoveries of his contemporary Galileo Galilei.

He was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His contributions to observational astronomy include the telescopic confirmation of the phases of Venus, the discovery of the four largest satellites of Jupiter, and the observation and analysis of sunspots. Two New Sciences now called kinematics and strength of materials.

Evangelista Torricelli was an Italian physicist and mathematician, best known for his invention of the barometer. Torricelli's chief invention was the mercury barometer, which arose from solving a practical problem.

Ole Christensen Rømer was a Danish astronomer who in 1676 made the first quantitative measurements of the speed of light. In scientific literature alternative spellings such as "Roemer", "Römer", or "Romer" are common.

Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov was a Russian polymath, scientist and writer, who made important contributions to literature, education, and science. Among his discoveries was the atmosphere of Venus. Lomonosov was also a poet and influenced the formation of the modern Russian literary language.