EDUC 225 Timeline

Main

Massachusetts: town of 50+ families must hire school master to teach read+write

1647

Jefferson proposes system of pub. schools for Virginia

1779

Noah Webster (Blue-backed spellers)

1780 - 1800

section of land must be reserved for eductional purposes in all townships

1787

Schooling beyond basics available to only those that could afford private tutors

1800 - 1900

First public high school established (still problems)

1821

MA requires towns with 500+ families have pub. high school open to all

1827

The "Elementary Spelling Book" first appeared

1829

The idea of common school first emerged (Horace Mann)

1830 - 1850

"McGruffey's Readers" was main tool for education

1836 - 1920

Ohio first state to adopt bilingual ed.: German-English via parent request

1839

Louisiana allows French-English instruction

1847

Treaty of Hidlago

1848

Civil War

1861 - 1865

13th amendment passed: abolished slavery

1864 - 1865

Congress prohibits Native Americans from being taught in their own languages

1864

Harris establishes first kindergarten in America; argues for bilingual ed

1870 - 1880

Child-centered schooling emerges

1873

75 million copies of Webster blue-backed speller had sold

1875

16 states have compulsory-attendance laws

1885

legislate against German and in favor of English; Bennett Act WI; Edwards Act

1889 - 1891

Torrey argued successfully for new educational policy in U.S. (pg. 84)

1889 - 1906

The Great Wave of immigration

1890 - 1920

NEA recommended secondary schools offer more than one curriculum

1893

Dewey begins University Laboratory School

1896

Plessy v. Ferguson: legitimized school segregation

1896

Jane Addams founded Chicago's Hull House

1899

15 million children are enrolled in America public schools.

1900

Parker, Dewey, Addams: Progressive, experiential, child-centered movement

1900 - 2000

59% of 5-19 yr. olds enroll in school. 10% of A youth graduate high school

1910

WWI

1914 - 1918

Congress passes Smith-Hughes Act: federal funding for vocational ed.

1917

WWI spurs a wave of language restriction in schools

1917

All states have compulsory-attendance laws

1918

Bobbit published "The Curriculum"

1918

Cardinal Principles of Education

1918

NEA establishes seven curricular goals

1918

Vast numbers of immigrant children began to attend public schools

1918

15 more states legislate English as the basic language of instruction.

1919

19th Amendment: Women vote

1920

Bobbit elaborates on his theory in "How to Make a Curriculum"

1920

Congress enacts strictest immigration quotas in U.S. history

1920 - 1930

Dewey and others outraged at social and economic injusices

1920 - 1930

Franklin Bobbit: W.W. Charters

1920 - 1930

Great Depression

1929 - 1945

Counts, Rugg: Social reconstructivist

1930 - 1940

Progreesive reforms had turned political

1930 - 1940

reduction in ed. funding, school closings, teacher layoffs, and lower saleries

1930 - 1940

WWII

1939 - 1945

75% of 5-19 yr. olds enrolled; 50% of A youth graduate high school

1940

Tyler: Life Adjustment - curriculum match life activities of U.S. citizens

1940 - 1960

The Cold War

1945 - 1991

Brown v. Board of Ed. of Topeka: illegitimized school segregation

1954

Vietnam War

1955 - 1975

Russia launches first artificial earth satelite - Sputnik 1

1957

Congress passes NDEA: increases funding for sci. research and sci ed.

1958

New immigrants start own private bilingial schools

1959

A.S. Neill publishes "Summerhill"

1960

Bruner: The Process of Education

1960 - 1970

ethnic studies curriculum included in elementary schools

1960 - 1970

Neill: Free schools

1960 - 1970

Skinner, Gagne: Behaviorism

1960 - 1980

start of War on Poverty

1964

ESEA: provides federal funds targeted at helping low-income students

1965

The Equality of Ed. Opportunity Study or "Coleman Report"

1966

Bilingual Act of 1968

1968

90% of 5-19 yr. olds enroll; 79% of A youth graduate high school

1970

back-to-basics movement in education (skills oriented curriculum)

1970 - 1980

Chicano students demand to be taught their culture -> bilingual and cultural ed.

1970

multicultural education developed

1970 - 1980

Title IX prohibits discrimination based on sex in all aspects of ed.

1972

Lau v. Nichols

1974

Lau v. Nichols: must offer special help for non-English speaking students

1974

The Education of All Handicapped Children Act

1975

anti-immigrant sentiment due to bilingual movement

1980

Political conservatives begin to lobby for essentialist curriculum

1980

"A Nation at Risk" - Regan: America is failing

1983

Hirsh: 2 books attack teachers for social justice

1988 - 1997

H. W. Bush and 50 state governors held educ. summit to find educ. goals for 2000

1989

Educate America Act: all states must develop "standards" for all children

1994

Proposition 187 ruled unconstitutional

1994

Proposition 227 passes with flying colors: California

1998

51% of all telecommunicated information was carried over the Internet.

2000

Arizona: Proposition 203 passes

2000

Apple: "Educating the 'Right' Way: Markets, Standards, God, and Inequality"

2001

No Child Left Behind Act

2001

Terrorist attack on the World Trade Center (about 3000 deaths)

2001

Colorado voters reject English-only laws

2002

English Language Unity Act of 2003

2003

Every state had adopted standards

2005