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History of Christian Civilization
Main
Birth of Jesus Christ
4 BC
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Council of Nicea
325
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First Ecumenical Council
Battle of Adrianople
August 9, 378
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Gothic forces win a decisive victory against Roman troops.
Christianity made Official Religion
392
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by Emperor Theodosius
1st Sack of Rome
410
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by Alaric the Goth, under Emperor Honorius
"The City of God" written
413 - 426
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by St. Augustine of Hippo
Huns at Rome
452
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Attila is convinced to spare Rome by Pope Leo the Great
2nd Sack of Rome
455
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by the Vandals; Leo I could not avert it.
Franks convert
December 25, 496
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Baptism of Clovis, King of the Franks
Represents the beginning of Catholic France.
Reign of Justinian
August 1, 527 - November 14, 563
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St. Benedict founds Monte Cassino
529
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The "Nika!" Riots
532
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The Gothic Wars
535 - 554
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Emperor Justinian unsuccessfully tries to re-conquer the European regions of the Empire; destroys Italy in the process.
Visigoths Convert
589
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Reccared, King of the Visigoths, declares Orthodox Christianity the official religion of his kingdom, abolishing Arianism.
Mission sent to England
597
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Led by St. Augustine of Canterbury. Represents the beginning of Catholic England.
Founding of Islam (the Hegira)
622
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Muhammad and his followers flee Mecca for Medina.
Battle of Yarmouk
636
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Islamic Warriors defeat Imperial Troops. Islam first revealed as a threat to the greater West.
Battle of Tours
732
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by Charles Martel
Fall of Constantinople
May 29, 1453
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Discovery of America
October 12,1492
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Battle of Lepanto
October 7, 1571
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Decisive defeat of the Ottoman Turks by the Holy League.
People
Emperor Diocletian
245 - 313
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Presided over the Great Persecution.
Emperor Constantine the Great
280 - 337
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First Christian Emperor
St. Jerome
340 - 420
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Translator of the Latin Vulgate
Emperor Theodosius I
347 - 395
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Last Emperor to preside over a united Empire.
St. Augustine of Hippo
354 - 430
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Stilicho
359 - 408
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Roman general and councilor under Theodosius, executed by Honorius.
Alaric the Visigoth
370 - 410
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Roman general and King of the Visigoths; responsible for the 1st Sack of Rome.
Pope St. Leo the Great
391 - 461
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Reigned (440-461)
St. Patrick
400 - March 17, 460
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Missionary to the Irish. Dates are approximate, as biographical details are sketchy.
King Clovis
466 - 511
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First Catholic King from the Germanic Tribes.
Boethius
480 - 524
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Roman Philosopher and Writer, "the translator of antiquity". Known for The Consolations of Philosophy and his textbooks on ancient learning. Executed by King Theodoric
St. Benedict
480 - 543
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Founder of Western Monasticism, and author of the Benedictine Rule.
Emperor Justinian the Great
482 - November 14, 565
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Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire, known as the Byzantine Empire.
Pope St. Gregory the Great
540 - 604
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Reigned (590-604)
Muhammad
570 - June 8, 632
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Founder of the Religion of Islam
Charles Martel
688 - 741
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"Charles the Hammer", Mayor of the Franks, Victor at the Battle of Tours
St. Boniface
700 - June 5 754
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Apostle to the Germans
Pepin the Short
714 - 768
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First Carolingian King of the Franks
Charlemagne
742 - 814
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King of the Franks, Emperor of the Romans
Pope Leo III
750 - June 12, 816
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Crowned Charlemagne Emperor of the Romans
Sts. Cyril and Methodius
815 - 885
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Saints Cyril (827-869) and Methodius (815-882) were brothers known as the "Apostles to the Slavs."
Christopher Columbus
October, 1451 - May 20, 1506
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European Discoverer of America
Miguel de Cervantes
September 29, 1547 - April 22, 1616
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Spanish Poet and Writer; Author of Don Quixote. Mentions with pride his service in the Battle of Lepanto.
William Shakespear
April, 1564 - April 23, 1616
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English Playwright, widely regarded as the greatest in the English Language.
Cardinal Richelieu
September 9, 1585 - December 4, 1642
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(Reigned 1622-1642)
A prominent and worldly cardinal in France; used his position to increase the power of the French Monarchy during the Wars of Religion.
The Empire
Battle of Actium
31 BC
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The Principate
31 BC - 284
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Reform of Diocletian
284
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Empire divided into East and West
The Dominate
284 - 313
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Edict of Milan
313
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Christianity legalized.
The Eastern Christian Empire
313 - 1453
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The Western Christian Empire
313 - 476
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Romulus Augustulus abdicates
September 4, 476
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The Last Roman Emperor turns over the regalia of Empire to his Master of Horse, Odoacer. The Imperial regalia are sent to constantinople, as Odoacer styles himself King of Italy.
Considered to represent the End of the Roman Empire in the West.
Carolingian Empire
December 25, 800 - 817
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From Charlemagne's crowning to Louis the Pious's Partition of Aachen.
Holy Roman Empire
February 2, 962 - August 6, 1806
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From the Crowning of Otto I to the Abdication of Francis II