Semester 1

Dante

1265 - 1321

Italian comedic poet.

Petrach

1304 - 1374

"Father of humanism"

Avingnon Papacy

1309 - 1376

This was the period where there were more than one popes of the Catholic Church.

Boccaccio

1313 - 1375

Created the Encylopedia of Greek and Roman mythology.

The Hundred Years' War

May, 1337 - October, 1453

This war was caused by a British person taking over the French throne. Afterwards the fuedal monarchy was destroyed and peasents were burdened with taxes.

The Black Death

1348 - 1350

The bubonic plague that killed many of Europeans in the fourteenth century. Afterwards there was a high demand luxurious goods.

Lollards:John Wycliff

1350 - 1384

Looked to scripture as the basis of all religions. They followed John Wycliff and questioned the supremacy and heirarchy of the pope the Catholic Church.

The Golden Bull

1356

Jacquerie

1358

Peasent Revolts in France. They rebelled to show the Nobles they had gone too far in imposing taxes on the peasents.

Hussites: John Huss

1369 - 1415

Questioned the legitimacy of the catholic church about the Eucharist.

Renaissance in Italy

1375 - 1527

The Great Schism

1378 - 1417

The Great Schism was when there were two popes claiming rule of the Catholic church.

Exploration of Portugal and Spain

1394 - 1521

Decline of Gothic Art

1400

Witch Hunts

1400 - 1700

There were witch hunts because there were actual witches that needed to be eliminated, the peasents were holding onto paegamism, they were used as an economic scapegoat, political explanation, reformation.

Council of Contance

1414 - 1418

The Council of Contance was made to end the schism, eradicate heretics, and to fix the corruption of the church.

Pope Julius II

1443 - 1513

English Civil War

1450

Columbus

1451 - 1506

Erasmus

1466 - 1536

Educational and religious reformer. Humanity and civic virtue.

Printing Press

1468

The Prince: Machiavelli

1469 - 1527

Ferdinand and Isabella

1474 - 1504

Agricultural Revoltion

1500 - 1850

Commercial Revolution

1500 - 1750

Not much growth, the revolution was slow. This was eventually erplaced by the industrial revolution. Mercantilism was the economic ideas during this time.

Northern Renaissance

1500 - 1650

The Northern Renaissance was a time of revival of the arts and the literature in Northern europe.

Henrey VIII (Eng.)

1509 - 1534

Henry VIII

1509 - 1547

Claimed the place of thr ruler of the religion in England. He was significant because he was the first ruler to declare he was t he only ruler to rule religion besides the pope in England Six Articles-

Mary I

1516 - 1558

"Bloody Mary"

95 Theses

1517

Reformation

1517 - 1563

The Reformation occured in the emerging states in Europe. Because of the reformation there was many differing ideas about religions and new religions were formed.

Mannerism

1520 - 1580

Diet of Worms

1521

Luther- 95 Theses, Diet of Worms

1521

Luther posteed the 95 Theses to start discussions. This later lead to lutheranism. Lutheranism was based on the idea of getting into heaven solely by believing in God.

German Peasent Revolts

1524 - 1525

Luther had become almost as much an object of protest as the pope within Germany. Luther condemned the people who revolted against the landlords as un-christian. He told princes to crush the peasents (70,000-100,000 died)

Elizabeth I

1533 - 1603

William of Orange

1533 - 1584

Calvin/Geneva

1541 - 1549

Copernicus: On the Rev. of Heavenly Spheres

1543

Talks about his view on the heliocentric model of the universe.

Council of Trent

1545 - 1563

In attempt to help with the corruption of the Catholic church, they held this. The corruption was reduced and the church doctrine was renewed.

Council of Trent/ Counter-Reformation

1545 - 1563

Tycho Brahe

1546 - 1601

Cervantes: Don Quixote

1547 - 1616

Peace of Augsburg

1555

The ruler picks the religion.

French Religious Wars

1562 - 1598

Religious Wars

1562 - 1598

Shakesphere

1564 - 1616

Stuarts, Cromwell, Puritan Rep.

1564 - 1660

James I (Eng.)

1566 - 1625

Dutch Revolt (Against Spain)

1568 - 1648

Henry IV (France)

1572 - 1610

Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre

August 22, 1572

Mary Stuart Executed

1587

Spanish Armada

1588

Edict of Nantes

1598

Baroque Art

1600 - 1750

Consumer Revolution

1600 - 1750

Louis XII

1601 - 1643

Kepler: The New Astronomy

1609

Henry IV Assassinated

May 14, 1610

Galileo was Condemned

1616

Revolt in the Spanish Netherlands

1618

Thirty Years War

1618 - 1648

Bacon: Novum Organum

1620

Blaise Pacal

1623 - 1662

Charles I of England

1625 - 1649

Charles II of England

1630 - 1685

James II of England

1633 - 1701

Descartes:Discourse on Method

1638

Louis XIV

1638 - 1715

Long/Short Parliament

1640

The Fronde

1649 - 1652

Hobbes: Leviathan

1651

Royal Society of London

1660

Peter the Great

1672 - 1725

End of the Witch Hunts

1680

Charles VI

1685 - 1740

Newton: Principa Mathematica

July 5, 1687

Fredrick Wilhem

1688 - 1740

Restoration, Glorious Rev.

1688 - 1689

English Bill of Rights

1689

Locke: Treatsies on Government

1690

Age of Mercantilism

1700 - 1800

Emergence of Rococo

1700

Neoclassicism

1700 - 1800

Rise of the Netherlands- Dutch Golden Age

1700 - 1800

The Great Northern War

1700 - 1721

Act of Settlement

1701

War of Spainsh Sucession

1701 - 1714

Death of Wm. II

1702

Frederick II

1712 - 1786

Decline of the Netherlands

1713

Treaty of Utrecht

1714

Death of Louis XIV

1715

Maria Theresa

1717 - 1780

Mississippi Bubble

1718 - 1720

Catherine the Great

1729 - 1796

Catherine the Great was one of the Enlighnened Despots althoug hshe is nt very enlightened because peasent revolts cause her to side with the nobles.

War of Jenkins Ear

1739 - 1778

War of Austrian Sucession

1740 - 1748

Seven Years' war

1754 - 1763

Diplomatic Revoluton

1756

Voltaire- Candide

1758

Voltaire is a very pessimistic philsopher. This is shown through candide because every person who is optimistic is killed and a lot of bad things happen to people in the book.

Industrial Revolution

1760 - 1850

The industrial revolution improved peoples lives because the enclosure method increase the amount of food and so people were better well fed and so they were healthier.

Rosseau- Emile and The Social Contract

1762

American Revolution

1775 - 1783

Smith: Weath of Nations

1776

Revocation of the Edict of Nantes

1781

Malthus:Principle of Population

1798

Ricardo: Iron Law of Ages

1817

French Revolution

The Cult of the Supreme Being

1701 - 1800

This was a kind of diesm made by Robepierre that was intended to be the official religion of the new republic. Worship reson.

Estates General Called

1789

The estates general was called because they believed that only the estates general has the power to raise taxes.

Great Fear

1789

This was when there was a food shortage and peasents stormed houses because the food was being gaurded by soldiers. Hungry people revolt.

March of the Fishwives

1789

Rights of Man and Citizen

1789

Written to define the natural rights in the new republic

Storm of Bastille

1789

Although the storm only released seven prisoners that were beung held at the Bastille, it was the turning point of the revolution. People believd that the king was goign to stop the revolution.

Tennis Court Oath

1789

This is when they decided that they were not going to leavfe until they had a constitution written .They were at a tennis court because they were locked out of their room.

Civil Constitution of Clergy

1790

The church was made a branch of the government.

Legislative Assembly Meets

1791

Driven by the burgeoise who believed that the revolution has already achieved its goal. The jacobins believed that more extreme measures needed to be taken.

Convention Meets- Monarch Abolished

1792

Tuileries Stormed

1792

War with Austria

1792 - 1797

Wollstonecroft- Vind of Rights of Women

1792

Danton Excuted

1793

Levee en Masse

1793

draft or conscription

Louis XIV Executed

1793

Nobles Renounce Feudal Privleges

1793

Reign of Terror

1793 - 1794

You have to give of some of your rights to preserve the revolution- Civic virtue

Cult of Reason

1794

Fall of Robespierre

1794

Robuspierre is aressted and executed because he is too extreme for he people who do want to end the revolution when he makes a speech.

Constitution of the Supreme Being

1795

The Directory

1795

Napolean-coup Brumaire

1799