History of life

450 mya first big mass extinction- global cooling- first forests too up all the CO2 and caused global cooling

after first vascular plants on land we have first invertebrates on land in silurian

silurian is first common vascular plants.

fish develop jaw

400 mya devonian. first forests

first vertebrates go to land in the devonian - co evolution with first forests.

375 mya extinction pulses green house gasses was a prolonged time

carboniferous

251 mya largest extinction the great dying. rapid warming. possible methane explosion.

250 mya therapsids take over. mammal ancestors. were replaced by diapsids.

220 -65 mya archasaur is first bipedal animal and gave rise to dinos

205 mya global warming

145 mya first known bird

first angiosperm that cause a severe radiation in animals and plants. soon 90% of plants were flowering

impact extinction dinos go extinct.

4-2.75 mya1.2 m tall, bipedal, strong sexual dimorphism, ape-like features, massive brow ridges, low forehead, forward jutting jaw

Brain capacity - 380-450 cc

10-20% larger than modern chimps -

30-35% of modern hominids

Lucy -

Australopithecus developed bipedalism as they left forests for grassland

3-1.6 mya Minor differences from afarensis

1.4 m tall, slightly flatter face

Brain capacity - 400-600 cc

homo genus arrives
Larger skull
Similar thigh and pelvis bones

First use of stone tools
Oldowan tools

Chopper/ Pebble tools

2 mya brains significantly enlarged in hominoids

larger cranium
More complex stone tools
Acheulian tools
Handaxes
fire

Homo sapiens sapiens and
homo sapiens neaderthalenis

larger cranium
prominent forehead
distinctive chin
tools
cave paintings

lower forehead; prominent, heavy brow ridges; weak chin.

Body tends to be more massive and more heavily muscled with shorter limbs.

Lived in caves in Europe
Made highly specialized tools of stone and bone
Buried their dead in ritual burials