The Renaissance is a period where people became interested in embarking on a journey to learn more, for example Arts and Sciences. It started in Italy but soon spread all over europe.

Medici Family (Cosimo de' Madichi) ruled Florence. Lorenzo, Cosimio's grandson, also was a generous patron for the arts.

The printing press is invented, and now poorer people could gain access to the bible, but over time less and less people stopped going to church because they could do their sacraments at home.

Wrote texts on many subjects and then used his knowledge of the classical language to produce a new Greek version of the Christian Bible.

He learns about this method by traveling to Italy and studying there.

Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa, it took 4 years and this picture, still today, baffles artists about the way the person depicted in the Mona Lisa Smiles

Michelangelo painted the roof of the Sistine Chapel
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/images/rome/sistine-chapel/last-judgment-wga-350.jpg

He created a new style of art which incorporated both Classical and Christian styles. He painted, The school of Athens.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Sanzio_01.jpg/300px-Sanzio_01.jpg

Though indulgences have been introduced before, only in the late 1800s could indulgences be bought with money as opposed to doing good deeds only.

Witches were considered "bad" back then so groups of people began hunting for witches, in the process tens of thousands of women and men died.

http://www.paranormalpeopleonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/witch.gif

Venice ordered Jews to live in a separate area of the city called ghetto.
http://www.jckinnelon.org/_storage/Pages/1001/jewish_star.png

He offered indulgences to anyone who contributed money towards the rebuilding of the Cathedral of St. Peter in Rome.
http://freefallingthroughhistory.info/johantetzel.bmp

Martin Luther goes against the church's idea of indulgences by writing his 94 thesis paper.

This act allowed King Henry to be the only supreme head of the Church of England

Edward VI begins making Protestant reforms.

Built an astronomical observatory to calculate planetary orbits, the data supported Copernicus' theory.

Published, "On the Structure of the Human Body", the first accurate study of the human anatomy.

Developed the Heliocentric theory.
http://scienceblogs.com/startswithabang/files/2010/09/Copernicus_solar_system.gif

Formed the idea of the Scientific Method.

Galileo didn't create the first telescope, Hans Lippershey did in 1608 a Dutch eyeglass maker. Nontheless, Galileo made a telescope without ever seeing one and then used it to look in the sky to learn more.
http://0.tqn.com/d/inventors/1/G/W/L/galileo.jpg

Created the laws of gravity and motion and also invented calculus.

Identified basic building blocks of matter and invented Boyle's Law.
http://ygraph.com/graphs/boyleslaw-20111127T211035-2n84rt6.jpeg

Galileo proves the Heliocentric theory given by Copernicus, and was tried and had to be help under house arrest until he apologized for his heresy.

He rounded of the Cape of Good Hope following the steps of Prince Henry.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Bartolomeu_Dias_Voyage.PNG/480px-Bartolomeu_Dias_Voyage.PNG

He knew that the earth was round and sailed from Portgual to the West Indies and then sailed back with 3 ships named the Nina, the Pinta and the Santa Maria.

The Line of Demarcation was set by Pope Alexander VI. This line split the land between Spain, which had rights to the left of this line, and Portugal which had the same rights east of the line.

The specific terms of the Line of Demarcation are set in the treaty of Tordesillas which is signed between the 2 countries.

Vasco da Gama followed Dias's footsteps and lead a 4 ship expedition around the cape of good hope. After 10 months, he managed to reach Calicut, though on the way back they lost half of their ships in a scurvy and many sailors died due diseases and the the lack of nutrition.

Martin Waldseemuller used Vespucci's descriptions about his voyage to Brazil and made a map of the region.

Sent out 5 ships from Spain, the arrived at the southern tip of South America finally in 1520. They managed to sail around the whole world.

The dutch arrived at the southern tip of Africa, and built Cape Town. Boers, or Dutch Farmers settled in Cape Town, over time they were ousted, enslaved or killed.