Untitled timeline

GB needs to stop meddling w/ US affair and US will stay out of Europe.
Gb ignored this.

William Crawford (offical party nominee), JQ Adams, Andrew Jackson, Henry Clay, and Calhoun but he dropped out. ALL REPUBLICANS
Clay liked national bank, tarrifs, and internal improv. AMERICAN SYSTEM
Jackson hated clay and his beliefs. He felt that he was the victim of corrupt bargain btwn Clay and Adams. CLay= JQ adams sec f state
he thought "CLay gave away presidency to Adams"

Jacksonian Democrats- Martin Van Buren built the Albany Regency- a tightly disciplined state political machine. Van Buren made a buisness out of politics. organized 1st national campaign that relied excessively on new techniques f mass mobilization. publicized jackson w/ newpapers, ads, and heavy campaigning.
Adams did well only in New Eng during the election of 1828.

1st term- known for political infighting.
BANK WAR- destroyed 2nd bank of US.
NULLIFCIATION CRISIS- rejected south carolina's attempt to nullify the national tarrif.
Demoracts= enemy of special privelege.
friend of the COMMON MAN.
Spoils System- removed enemies. put friends in place

most intense in georgia
georgia moved against cherokees
most important in early admin. = INDIAN REMOVAL ACT
advised indians to emigrate beyond mississippi or submit to the laws of the US
CHerokees- forced removal.
TRAIL OF TEARS- CHerokees forced to go Oklahoma
supressing of indians- Black Hawk's War
Court ruled that Georgie violates constitution in extending jurisdication over cherokees.

Bank war erupted. Jackson presented w/ rechartering draft for national bank. He vetoes it.
he distrusted banks like most westerners.
didnt want paper money
president of bank- Nicolas Biddle

Jackson easily beat Clay (national republican party)
ackson won bank war against Clay and Biddle

Peggy Eaton= Calhoun's wife
had an affair
stirred up gossip among cabinet member wives.
Disunity among cabinet members
JAckson angry. wiped out alll cabinet members.
New cabinet- only bachelors. Jackson supported Peggy Eaton

Tejanos- Texans of mexican descent,
tx- sparsely populated
1st US empresario- recieved large grant in return for a promise to bring in settlers= Stephen Austin
Stephen Ausin founded the 1st US colony in Texas
Americans ignored the anti- Slavery laws in the republic of mexico
General Santa Anna elected pres of Mexico- overturned mexican constitution. Dictator
texas no longer had chance of becoming an autonomous state w/in mexico.
Texans sought to overthrow Santa Anna. Rebellion at the Alamo in San Antonio and then at Goliad. Texans killed and had to surrender
volunteers form US south rushed to help Texan Army
- commander= Sam Houston= commander of Texan Army
Sam Houston caught Sanata Anna off gaurd at the Battle of San Jacinto and established the Independence of Texas.
Boundary at South and West of the Rio Grande

Van Buren stepped up as Pres.
Hard times
ECONOMY
financial panic arose. Bank was dead. Huge debt. Economic depression. unemployment rose.
depressed agricultural farners,
Many fled West

Webster- Ashburton Treaty- settled boundary btwn Maine & Canada.

Tylers goal= annex texas
texas- slaveholding republic
americans and tejanos declared their independence from Mexico.

3 focal points of white settlement in north border of mexico- Texas, new Mexico, and Alta California.
Seal had control over mexico.
to serve as a buffer against the comanches, mexican gov't in 1821 invited americans into texas.

The Second Party System
Demovrats Whigs
lmted federal government government contorl of individual support exapansionism morality and economy. against expa
farmers, workers, catholics commercial farmers, skilled workers
South and West Northeast and upper midwest.
Henry Clay William Henry Harrison- supporter of bank battle of tippecanoe war of 1812

polk vs. clay. Polk won.
Polk wanted immediate annexation of TX
Tyler got revenge on WHigs party abondoning him by getting TX>

Polk wanted to annex California and Also New Mexico.
1846- WAR BROKE OUT
victory= Mexican Cession of 1848
49th paralel established

Democratic belief
Whites were special people
Whites had the natural right to expand westward, carrying the blessings of democracy and progress.
American Expansion was to be peaceful and irresistible
Manifest Destiny was very closely related to the DEMOCTARIC PARTY!!!!

land scarce in New england.
pressure to move west greatest in the slave states

Polk was willing to compromise w/ GB on Orgeon because he didnt want war w/ Mexico and GB.
Polk refused to accept that Rio Grande= border btwn Texas and Mexico.
Polk sent General Zachary Tyler to go to rio grande and build a fort. Defeated mexicans.
He had earlier sent John SLidell to Mexico to offer money to buy Cali and NM but they refused.
Polk sent Zachary Tyler to fight at rio grande.
Mexicans lacked naval ships, good weapons, and leadership
Polk sent William Kearney to NM to fight.

late 1840s- early 50s. 150,000 americans made trip from Missouri to Oregona, Cali, or Utah.
Oregon- unheard of. 15 miles a day.
6 month trip. 2,000 miles total.
missionaries failed to convert natives to christianity.
Cayuses killed the Whitmans and the whites retaliated and exterminated all Cayuses.
1842, overlanders left Independence, MO for the Willamette Valley.
Most were young farm families from midwest.

Santa Fe Trail- carried US goods to the Mexican Southwest.

led by Jesus Trujillo and Tomasito
largest uprising by mexicans who feared their land would be confiscated.
repressed by US army
Polk directed Winfield Scott to invade central mexico
Winfield Scott captured Mexico City

Mexico surrendered its claim to Texas north of rio grande
ceded alta cali
and new mexico

1st US attempt to draw boundaries w/in which to contain Plain Indians. In exchange for accepting llimitations on their movement and for the loss of game- compensation- $50,000 a year.
Most Indians at fort Laaramie- Siouc and their allies.
Sioux viewd treaty as confirming their domincance ont he Great Plains.
Sioux and US reached a standoff at Fort Lamarie in 1851.
Neither yielded its claims on great plains.
war erupted.