Preceden

Red Meat Industry

Main

William Pynchon first packaged meat

1662

Boston became first slaughter center

1742

First Meat Scientist was Benjamin Franklin

1773

He proposed a more "compassionate" slaughter method - adopted 200 years later.

First Meat Packing Plant - Cincinnati "Porkopolis"

1818

Saws not yet used

First commercial meat canning in Boston

1821

McCormick invented the REAPER

1831

Allowed production of meat-type animals instead of draft-type

Steam power used in Packing Houses

1836

Reduced labor

Railroads came to Chicago

1852 - 1865

Chicago lead meat packer and Texas Leading in cattle

1860 - 1869

USDA created along with the Land Grant College System

1862

Refrigerator railroad car patented & USDA began research on animal diseases

1868

Westward expansion of Meat packing

1870 - 1890

Denver, Oklahoma City, Kansas City, Omaha, Sioux City, St. Paul, St. Louis, Chicago

Beginning of meat by-products

1880 - 1889

Mechanical Innovation

1880 - 1889

Mechanical refrigerator, mixers, stuffers amd choppers

First Oscar Mayer Meat Market in Chicago

1883

Refrigerated boxcars made first long-haul shipments of produce and meat

1888

Meat Inspection Act

1890

authorized inspection of salted pork, bacon, and live animals intended for export, and the quarantine of imported animals

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia eradicated

1892

First Thyroid Glands saved

1892

Used to treat human hypothyroidism

Cause of cattle tick fever discovered

1893

demonstrated that a disease-producing microorganism could be transmitted by an arthropod from one animal to another

First Icemaker

1893

Invention of smokehouse trees

1899

Moved meat on rails to smokehouse

Development of cure pumps, slicing machines and "conveyer-ized" tables

1900

Chicago Stock Yards Started

1901

Existence and function of hormones discovered

1902

Demonstrated that a virus causes hog cholera

1903

recovering hogs are immune for life

First meat inspection by Bureau of Animal Industry

1904

Done in pork fab

Upton Sinclair's "The Jungle"

1904

Prompted meat inspection legislation

Livestock Quarantine Act passed

1905

28-hour law required humane care of livestock in interstate shipment

1906

Branding ink for use in meat inspection developed

1906

Developed live-virus vaccine for hog cholera

1906

Meat Inspection Act passed

1906

Predecessors to AMI and NCBA were formed

Pure Food and Drug Act passed

1906

Brucella abortus first isolated from cattle in the U.S.

1910

USDA makes initial crosses between Lincoln and Ramboullet sheep breeds

1912

leading to the Columbia breed

Development of Standards for Meat Quality Grades

1916

US enters WWI

1917

Advances in processing

Advertisement of Ring-de-hairer

1918

First Meat Delivery Truck

1918

First bandsaw for cutting meat

1920

First cattle skinning beds

1920

backing done on rail

First "Monster" meat grinder

1920

Packers and Stockyards Act passed

1921

Hoped to protect farmers

Founding of the National Livestock and Meat Board

1922

Cooperative effort by producers and packers to promote meat

First Refrigerated Truck

1924

Pork carcass Fab lines on wooden tables

1925

Federal meat grading service started

1927

Growth of Chain Stores & Major packers start use of Brand Names

1927

Improved Meat Delivery Truck

1929

Albertsons 2nd Meat Market

1940

1st was in Boise, Idaho

US enters WWII

1941

Advances in processing

Aureomycin Discoverd

1948

Many Technological Developments

1950 - 1959

Power carcass-splitting saws, injection of bacons, continuous wiener processing, skinless sausages, lactic acid starter cultures, boxed beef, self-service supermarkets

Major shift from railways to truck transport of meat

1960

Retail grocery-Central cutting facilities; boxed beef impact

1960 - 1969

Slaughter facilities move ot feedlot areas

1960 - 1969

Vast improvement in equipment

1960 - 1969

Wholesome Meat Act & Wholesome Poultry Act passed

1967 - 1968

Computer Accounting, Sausage formulation, yeild tracking...

1970 - 1979

Also, on rail boning of hot carcass for sausage production, and new advancements in technology
Consumer activism, lean meat demand, frozen and prepared food item demand, boxed beef grows

Improved bandsaw for breaking pork carcasses

1970

Chicago Stockyard Closes

1971

Consumer activist go after Red Meat Industry....

1980 - 1989

Also, more emphasis on food safety and sanitation, four beef packers slaughtered about 80% of cattle, more advancements in technology and equipment

First Vacuum packaging machine

1980

Used for luncheon meats

New meat fab equipment developed

1980 - 1989