300 years of Scholar Academic Idealogy

A need for elementary education was decreed in Massachusetts Bay Colony.

1st public high school in Boston

Horace Mann endeavored to broaden public education and established the Board of Education. Mann believed public schools were a way to improve and equalize education where "all" children should learn together.

Mr. Ward argued for an education for " all" members of society for individual betterment, equilization of men's position in a democratic society, and social progress.

As a president of Harvard University, he was a proponent of education as a means to improve society and collaborated with academicians to reorganize their education views that emphasized plurality and autonomy of academic discipline. He sought to standardize high school curriculum preparing "all" students equally for college.

The "Committee of 10," including Harris and Elliott , created by the NEA recommended a standardized high school curriculum:4 years English,History, Math, Foreign Language, and Science, so "all" children would have equal access to an excellent education.

Fought against learner centered , social efficienc, and social reconstruction to ensure "all" students are provided with the best education possible with a common language of cultural knowledge.

Advocated for teaching equal academic content for "all," independent of race and proposed "The talented tenth of the Negro race must be made leaders."

During World War II with the Russian launching of Sputnik, the President and Congress authorized and funded the UICSM Mathematics national Science Foundation and others to develop new curriculum in the basic subjects for elementary and secondary schools to increase academic achievement. New curriculum integrated both content and ways of thinking.