Preceden

Rights and Protest

Apartheid in South Africa (1948-1964)
Civil Rights in America (1954-1965)

Background

Leglistration

Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act

1949

Group Areas Act

1950

Immorality Act

1950

Suppression of Communism Act

1950

The Population Registration Act

1950

Bantu Authorities Act

1951

Separate Representation of voters act

1951

Native Law Amendment Act

1952

Pass Laws Act

1952

Bantu Education Act

1953

Criminal Laws Amendment Act

1953

Reservation of Separate Amenities Act

1953

Extension of University Education Act

1959

Promotion of the Bantu Self-Government Act

1959

Transkei Act

1963

Voting Rights Act of 1965

August 6, 1965

Protests and Action

ANC adopts Youth League's programme of Action

1949

First Bus Boycott of Apartheid era

1949

Brown V. Board of Education

1952

US Supreme Court agrees to hear public school segregation cases brought by the national association for the advancement of coloured peoples (NAACP)

Defiance Campaign

1952 - 1953

Against the six "unjust laws"

Rioting

1952

East London, Port Elizabeth, Kimberly and Johannesburg

Congress Alliance formed

1954

Congress of the People adopts Freedom Charter

1955

At a mass rally in Kliptown

Congress of the People begins

1955

Alexandra Bus Boycotts Begin

1957

The Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) breaks away from ANC

1959

ANC banned

1960

Sharpeville Massacre

1960

The ANC adopts armed struggle

1961

Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK)

MK High Command arrested

1963

At Liliesleaf Farm

Rivonia Trials

1963 - 1964

Ends with guilty verdicts

Key Individuals

James Moroka becomes Secretary general of the ANC

1949

Malcolm X joins the NOI

1952

Nelson Mandela appointed volunteer-in-chief in Defiance Campaign

1952

Albert Luthuli ANC Secretory General

1953

Luthuli and Mandela issued banning orders

1953

Due to their involvement in the defiance campaign

Key Groups

National Party (NP) wins the general election

1948

DF Malan is appointed prime minister.

CPSA declared illegal

1950

Communist Party of south Africa declared Illegal under the suppression of communism act

CPSA --> SACP

1953

Leaders (South Africa)

Malan PM

1948 - 1954

NP in power

1948 - 1994

Strijdom PM

1954 - 1958

Verwood PM

1958 - 1966

Assassinated

Leaders (USA)