SSkipper Music Lit Timeline pt. 2

to teach Native Americans polyphony and plainsong.

was a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential of all composers.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Beethoven.jpg/330px-Beethoven.jpg

this is where he created some of his most popular works

this had a huge effect on music in France, with nearly all operas taking on a revolutionary theme

when people were sent to be executed they were usually decapitated by a axe. This was never painless and many times took many attempts to cut the head off. But in 1789 Doctor Joseph Ignace Guillotin made a device that would make the execution "painless"
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The cotton gin helped to make cotton much cheaper and easier to harvest. Since the cotton was easier to harvest it became much more popular. And since the machine did all the work there was less need for slaves
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was formed to improve transportation from the interior and beyond the barrier of the Appalachian Mountains. The Erie Canal connects the port of New York City at the Hudson River to Buffalo New York then flowing to the North East coast of Lake Erie.

was a French Romantic composer, best known for his compositions Symphonies fantastique and Grande messe des mortshttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/BerliozPetitBNFGallica-crop.jpg/465px-BerliozPetitBNFGallica-crop.jpg

Notre Dame Cathedral crowned the first frenchman to hold the title of emperor in a thousand years.Napoleon Bonaparte had become Napoleon I.Leading up to his coronation, Napoleon was one of the greatest military strategists.He saved his nation from collapse after taking over the reigns of the French government.
http://www.keats-shelley-house.org/system/images/0000/0922/The-Emperor-Napoleon.jpg?1323279010

Samuel Soemmering invented the first crude telegraph in Bavaria

was a Polish composer and virtuoso pianist of the Romantic era who wrote primarily for the solo piano. He gained and has maintained renown worldwide as a leading musician of his era, whose "poetic genius was based on a professional technique that was without equal in his generation https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Frederic_Chopin_photo.jpeg/330px-Frederic_Chopin_photo.jpeg

was a German composer and influential music critic. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers of the Romantic era. Schumann left the study of law, intending to pursue a career as a virtuoso pianist. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Schumann-photo1850.jpg/330px-Schumann-photo1850.jpg

was a prolific 19th-century Hungarian composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor, music teacher, arranger, organist, philanthropist, author, nationalist and a Franciscan tertiary. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Franz_Liszt_by_Nadar%2C_March_1886.png/330px-Franz_Liszt_by_Nadar%2C_March_1886.png

was an Italian opera composer https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Verdi_by_Giovanni_Boldini.jpg/330px-Verdi_by_Giovanni_Boldini.jpg

was a German composer, theatre director, polemicist, and conductor who is primarily known for his operas https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/RichardWagner.jpg/345px-RichardWagner.jpg

The Star Spangled Banner song originated from a poem written by Francis Scott Key in 1814. He wrote this poem in Maryland in the middle of the War of 1812. Key wrote this while watching the British bombardment of Fort McHenry.

with this invention musicians could practice to become much more proficient than before

by Friedrich Buschmann.

a British inventor, william sturgeon revealed an invention that began a large evolution in electronic communications. He created the electromagnet that he displayed by lifting nine pounds. This electromagnet was a seven ounce piece of iron wrapped with wires through which the current of a single battery was sent. This lead to an evolution because the true power of the electromagnet is what lead to the creation of countless inventions for the future.

was a Russian composer of the late-Romantic period, some of whose works are among the most popular music in the classical repertoire. He was the first Russian composer whose music made a lasting impression internationally, bolstered by his appearances as a guest conductor in Europe and the United States.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Portr%C3%A4t_des_Komponisten_Pjotr_I._Tschaikowski_%281840-1893%29.jpg/315px-Portr%C3%A4t_des_Komponisten_Pjotr_I._Tschaikowski_%281840-1893%29.jpg

A politcal pamphlet written by Karl Marx and Freidrich Engles. It discusses the Communists' theory of history and the relationship between proletarians and bourgeoisie

was an Austrian composer, music theorist, and painter. He was associated with the expressionist movement in German poetry and art, and leader of the Second Viennese School. By 1938, with the rise of the Nazi Party, Schoenberg's works were labeled degenerate music, because he was Jewish
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Arnold_Schoenberg_la_1948.jpg

was a Russian-born composer, pianist, and conductor. He is widely considered one of the most important and influential composers of the 20th century. Stravinsky's compositional career was notable for its stylistic diversity.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Igor_Stravinsky_LOC_32392u.jpg/338px-Igor_Stravinsky_LOC_32392u.jpg

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Statue_of_Liberty_7.jpg/375px-Statue_of_Liberty_7.jpg

This conflict between the United Stated and Spain ended Spanish colonial rule in the America's. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1898

was an American composer and pianist. Gershwin's compositions spanned both popular and classical genres, and his most popular melodies are widely known. Among his best-known works are the orchestral compositions Rhapsody in Blue and An American in Paris as well as the opera Porgy and Bess.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/George_Gershwin_1937.jpg

was an American composer, pianist, and bandleader of a jazz orchestra, which he led from 1923 until his death in a career spanning over fifty years.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Duke_Ellington_-_publicity.JPG/330px-Duke_Ellington_-_publicity.JPG

as a result Theodore Roosevelt becomes president of the United States of America
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was a Russian pianist and composer of the Soviet period. He is regarded as one of the major composers of the 20th century. Shostakovich achieved fame in the Soviet Union under the patronage of Soviet chief of staff Mikhail Tukhachevsky, but later had a complex and difficult relationship with the government
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Dmitri_Shostakovich_credit_Deutsche_Fotothek_adjusted.jpg/330px-Dmitri_Shostakovich_credit_Deutsche_Fotothek_adjusted.jpg

was a major armed struggle that radically transformed Mexican culture and government.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Collage_revoluci%C3%B3n_mexicana.jpg

was an American composer, music theorist, writer, philosopher, and artist. A pioneer of indeterminacy in music, electroacoustic music, and non-standard use of musical instruments, Cage was one of the leading figures of the post-war avant-garde.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/John_Cage_%281988%29.jpg/330px-John_Cage_%281988%29.jpg

was an English composer, conductor and pianist. He was a central figure of 20th-century British classical music, with a range of works including opera, other vocal music, orchestral and chamber pieces
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was an American composer, conductor, author, music lecturer, and pianist. He was among the first conductors born and educated in the US to receive worldwide acclaim.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg/330px-Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg

is known the world over for his intensely minimalist operas, such as Einstein On the Beach, as well as his more accessible yet still completely minimalist works, such as Glassworks. Part of the reason he is so famous is due to the fact he is one of most controversial artists of all time, with his accusers stating that every single piece of his “sounds the same” and “uses the same chords.”

an American composer of classical music. His scores, now numbering over one hundred, have won him the Pulitzer Prize, five Grammy Awards, Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition, and an Oscar.

a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945

The Truman Doctrine was an American foreign policy created to counter Soviet geopolitical expansion during the Cold War

Possibly the originator of bringing minimalist art to an accessible orchestral medium

an American composer living in New York City

a German-born British composer who has been an influential voice in post-minimalist composition and in the meeting of contemporary classical and alternative popular musical styles since the early 2000s

a Grammy-winning American composer, conductor, and speaker, known for his choral, orchestral and wind ensemble music

An American composer of beat-driven contemporary classical music, and an avid promoter of new music in New York City. He is also a co-director of New Amsterdam Records

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On September 11th, 2001 two planes crashed into the North and South Twin Towers, The Pentagon, and an attempt to attack the White House. In total there were 2,819 people killed in the attacks
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/September_11_Photo_Montage.jpg/375px-September_11_Photo_Montage.jpg

The U.S. and NATO invaded Afghanistan and overthrew the Al-Qaeda-supportive Taliban government. American troops then began to institute democracy, fight off any insurgents, and the search for Al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden.

Two Mars rovers Spirit and Opportunity were launched to Mars and landedhttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/MartianroverCuriosityusingChemCamMsl20111115PIA14760MSLPIcture-3-br2.jpg/450px-MartianroverCuriosityusingChemCamMsl20111115PIA14760MSLPIcture-3-br2.jpg

wins the election and becomes the first black president of the United States
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