IB Appeasement Timeline

Events

Kellogg-Briand Pact

August 27, 1928

Peace: Many countries signed this pact to agree they would not use war as a solution to political and economic disputes, however this did not stop rising militarism in europe.

Five year Plan Begins in USSR:

October 1, 1928

Peace: Russia's attempt to provide themselves and avoid war with large nations at least until its economy was stabilized

Great Depression

1929 - 1939

War: Economic disaster that damaged the world economy and raised world tension to the breaking point, Brought some countries to the point where they made radical decisions and even is blamed as one of the earliest stems of ww2

Maginot Line

1930

War: Large fortification border created by the french to thwart head on German Invasion.

Stalin Purges Officer corps

1930

Peace: He was getting rid of bad officers that were making it a hostile environment. Stalin saw it as a time to unite the people with him as the leader.

Manchurian Crisis

September 1931

War: Japan begins imperialistic expansion, japan seizes rail-lines in northeastern china. The mukden Incident was an explosion on the South Manchurian Rail line, which Japan took the opportunity to areas in south manchuria.

World Disarmament Conference

February 1932

Peace: Organized by the League of Nations, it was initially intended for to secure agreed limits on army, naval and air force weapons. Everyone agreed except for Germany and Soviet Union.

Hitler appointed Chancellor of Weimar Republic

Jan 30 1933

War: Hitler is appointed Chancellor, a move that would allow many of the causes of ww2 to happen and put one of the most deadly dictators of all time in power

Hitler Backs out of Disarmament agreement

October 23rd 1933

Stresa Front

14 April 1935

Peace: Austria gained Political independence and The signatories also agreed to resist any future attempt by the Germans to change the Treaty of Versailles

Anglo-German Naval Agreement

18 june 1935

War: It started to conflict with the Stresa Pact because Britain undermined it using the Anglo-German Naval agreement. It brought more tension to the subject.

US passes the first Neutrality Act

August 1st 1935

Peace: It was a set of laws that promised the US would remain neutral if a war would break out in europe that did not involve the US

Mussolini invades Abyssinia

October 2 1935

War: Italy declares war on Ethiopia and invades despite League of Nations condemnation of war, Italy was included in the League until 1937

Re-occupation of the Rhineland

March 1936

War: Germany directly defied a peacetime agreement and moved troops back into areas that were demilitarized, other countries allow this to happen to appease Hitler

Spanish Civil War

July 17, 1936 - April 1, 1939

War: Civil war in which major nations including Germany and the USSR intervened, First full scale “modern” war fought between equal power nations

Anti-Comintern Pact

November 25, 1936

War: Led to the Creation of the Axis powers, and a new alliance which furthered pre war tensions by trying to work together against the spread of communism.

Marco Polo Bridge Incident

July 7 1937

War: Incident was is a battle between China and japan, This battle was the beginning of the second Sino-Japanese war

Hossbach Memorandum

November 1937

Peace: Hitler admitted he did not want a major war between France and Britain, but only wanted to, for now, gain resources to fix his broken economy.

Rape of Nanking

December 13 1937

War: Japanese atrocity committed against Chinese citizens in Nanking. Japan committed mass rape and murder in the then capital of China during the second Sino-Japanese war

Anschluss

March 1938

War: Direct violation of a pre-war agreement to restrict a German-Austrian alliance through annexation. The annexation was met with mixed reactions as the german Austrians were thrilled with the takeover while Austrians in the Sudetenland were far less so

Munich Crisis

September 1938

War: settlement agreeing to allow German Annexation of austria, Chamberland allows germany to annex austria under the agreement that Germany would not make any more land grab attempts, this was a case of appeasement by chamberlain appeasement was a very large reason germany was able to build up and expand for war

Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

23 August 1939

Peace: Two major powers agreed they would not attack each other, although Czech annexation was still the goal of Germany

Invasion of Poland

September 1, 1939

War: Germany invaded the polish corridor Danzig in particular despite allied nations stating armed defense would be used if necessary caused ww2