1754-1800

Was parliaments response to Boston Tea Party. designed to punish massacdusettes, primarily Boston, lost man you chartered rights, Port of Boston was closed until all the damage was paid for

Gave the french Ohio River Valley; angered Virginians and Pennsylvanians

discussed whether they could declare freedom from England as Englishman, George Washington leader of continental army; trained by British, walked in with Virgina Malita and says their ready to fight

British won, that didn't stop americans because they inflicted significant casualties on British army.

kicked off revolutionary war, "shoot heard around the world"

colonists supported it because they believed George III was a tyrant, believed the parliament wanted to control the internal affairs of the colonies without their consent, sensed all priests and government officials were corrupt, colonists wanted to do more with government, resented quartering of British troops, wanted to preserve their way of life and not have it tainted by the British

political pamphlet by Thomas Paine, worded to get independence from great Britain. opposed monarchy-called for republican. his wording helped people get over the loyalty thy had for the mother country and the monarchy. Paine used the Bible and natural world references to get people to back him up

Jefferson, Franklin and Adams used natural rights from Locke to prove points made, gives an presses people the right to alter or abolish an unjust government, appealed to english people, accused George III to tyranny, declared colonies free and independent states.

written in 1777 ratified in 1781, gave powers to new government but it had some downfalls, weakness: lack of tax or authority over states, inability to regulate trade, no executive branch or judicial. important accomplishments: Land ordinance of 1785, Northwest ordinance of 1787; provided orderly creation of states, excluded slavery north of ohio river, supported public education,

turning point because Americans finally had support from french troops and bak accounts.

primary motivation for french was to weaker the British Empire, they were NOT motivated by the republican ideals. this influenced generous offers from British during the Treaty of Paris 1783

established Americas new boundaries, Adams, Franklin, Jay, Jefferson, and Laurens were the 5 people who negotiated the treaty. loyalists would not be persecuted anymore, Great Britain gave up fur trade in the west.

suits against states

Caused: farmers couldn't pay there debts in hard currency it pointed out flaws in government system. Changes wanted: end in farm foreclosures, end to imprisonment for debt, relief from high taxes, increased circulation of money. Leaders did NOT attempt to overthrow government, convinced many national leaders that the current government was too weak

it stated: gave congress authority to declare war, guarantee of legality of slavery, created an electoral college to safeguard president from direct popular vote, impeachment of president, provision for ratifying constitution, federalism, bicameral legislature: house of representatives and Senate, listed powers of congress, 3/5 compromise
NOT included: two term limit for president, universal male suffrage, presidential cabinet, direct election of senators by people, freedom of speech and press, speedy and public trial, idea of political parties

Hamilton and Madison, supported ratification go the 1787 constitution, large rubric offered best protection to the minority

First president; kept army together by playing baseball at valley forge; after war is over he got to congress and hands hands him his sword and gives them the continental army,

1: freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, petition; 2: right to bear arms; 3:soldiers can't be quartered on personal property; 4: search and seizure; 5: Grand jury, double jeopardy, self-incitation, due process; 6: Rights to jury trial, witnesses and evidence against person; 7: jury trial; 8: excessive bail, cruel and unusual punishment; 9: non-enumerated rights; 10: rights reserved to states

added for anti-federalists, Madison wrote 17-10 accepted, distracted from other political problems

Was a lawyer. was a delegate on continental congress, diplomat in England, only served one term and handed over power peacefully, even though the election was brutal

warned americans against dangers of parties, also entangling alliances with other nations,

Alien Act- allowed president to deport "dangerous aliens"
Sedition Act- illegal to speak, write, or print any statements about president the would bring him into contempt and disrepute