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History of Statistics - Timeline
History of Statistics - Timeline
1600
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Philosophers have ideas with no quantitative analyses
1654
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Blaise Pascal corresponded with Pierre de Fermat studied mathematics of probability through games of chance, gambling
1662
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William Petty and John Graunt developed the use of simple averages. Applied the idea of estimation to develop quantitative data in the place of a census. 1st demographic studies
1680
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Jacob Bernoulli published papers on probability in 1685; first major treatise in the field of probability and statistics published in 1713
1773
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DeMoivre- Approximatio; Law of errors (similar to standard deviation), first statement of the formula for the normal distribution curve
1800
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astronomy used probability models and statistical theories. Quetelet, the astronomer who first applied statistical analyses to human biology
1805
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least square method by Legendre and Gaus and normal curve, regression through study of astronomy
1877
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F. Galton regression to the mean, correlation and the use of questionnaires and surveys
1900
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Karl Pearson continuous curves, studied natural selection using correlation, formed first academic department of statistics, Biometrika journal, helped develop the Chi Square analysis
1904
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Spearman a psychologist who developed a non-parametric equivalent of the correlation coefficient
1908
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W.S. Gossett a student who studied process of brewing, alerted the statistics community about problems with small sample sizes and the probable error of the mean the t-test
1915
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R.A. Fisher began developing methods appropriate for small samples, evolutionary biologists - developed ANOVA and stressed the importance of experimental design
1928
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Statistics began to take on more application approach
1939
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Abraham Wald showed a new way to look at statistics
1972
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John Tukey statistician who developed multiple comparisons procedure and introduces stemplot and on 1977 the boxplot