founded by Romulus after defeating Remus, in the Latium Plain, along the banks of the Tiber river

last king abused power, overthrown and exiled from Rome

vowing to never live under a tyrant again, Rome formed a Republic, in times of crisis, dictatot would take power and give it back to the people after victory, politicians were generals

(Carthage= Phoenician city on the coast of North Africa) began with fighting in Sicily, Rome found a Carthaginian ship and copies it, Carthage surrenders in 241 BC, Rome draws up an unfair treaty

Hannibal crosses the Alps into Italy, Carthage massacres Roman army at Trebia in 218 BC, Lake Trasimae in 217 BC, Cannae in 216 BC, Roman army uses Fabian tactic (avoiding combat), Hannibal defeates Atzama, eniding the war in 201 BC

Rome invades Carthage and burns down and piledges Carthage, Rome controls Meditteranean when the war ends in 146 BC

Sulla invades Rome, Marius escapes

slave rebellion, Spartacus and 70 other gladiators piledged Capua on their way out of the city, fled to Mount Vesuvius

a 3-headed political rule, Crassus, Pompey, and Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon and defeates Pompey's forces, then names himself dictator of Rome

assassinated by several Roman senators

Julius Caesar left everything to Octavian, his nephew, causing a war with Marc Antony and Octavian, Octavian wins in 31 BC

"first citizen", end of Roman Republic, many changes in Rome

built by Vespasian of the Flavian dynasty, as a gift to the Roman people

Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antorinus Pius, Marcus Aurelius

arch made in celebration of victory

during the reign of Hadrian

using the wall, the army enforced border control

became Emperor of Rome, then renamed the city of Byzantium to Constantinople

Constantine converts to Christianity on his death bed, which gradually changed the majority of Roman Faith to Christianity

Rome split into two halves (West and East) due to the inability to govern all of the territory because of it being too vast

Visigoths sack Rome