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Use Cases
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Resources
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Pricing
1958 - 1963
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Military
Was deposed
13 April 1966 - 17 July 1968
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Military/ Arab Socialist Union
Deposed
7 April 2005 - 24 July 2014
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Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
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Military/ Arab Social Union
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Ba'ath Party
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Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
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Ba'ath Party
Deposed by Coalition Forces
1941 - 1979
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Moassadegh PM during this time until overthrown in CIA coup in 1953
- Attempted modernization - double standards for women --> still controlled by men in the home but expected to wear make up and mini skirts in public
13 October 1981 - 3 August 1989
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Islamic Republican Party
Combatant Clergy Association
- Became Supreme Leader after Ayatollah Khomeini
Claims that the stockpiling, production and use of nuclear weapons is forbidden under Islam
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Combatant Clergy Association
Executives of Construction Party
- De facto commander in chief of the military during the Iran-Iraq war
- Centrist and Pragmatic conservative - supports free market
- Supported privatization against the leftist tendencies in the Republic
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Moderation and Development Party
- Domestic Policy: personal freedom, free access to information, improved Women's Rights by appointing femael foreign ministry spokesperson --> Centerist and reformist
- Foreign Policy: Supports Assad, pro-Palestine
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Alliance of Builders of Islamic Iran
- Religious hard-liner - when Mayor of Tehran, reversed some of the reforms made by more moderate Mayors
- Hostile towards states such as Saudi Arabia, Israel, UK, US and other Western and Arab states
- Supports Iran's nuclear programme
- CONTROVERSIAL FIGURE
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Association of Combatant Clerics
- Ran on a platform of liberalization and reform
- Advocated freedom of expression, tolerance and civil society
- Had constructive diplomatic relations with other states such as the EU and Asia - supporting an economic policy that supported free market values
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23 June 1956 - 28 September 1970
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Died in Office
Socialist measures and modernization
Pan-Arabism
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Arab Socialist Union, then National Democratic Party
- Departed from the one party socialism of Nasser
- Engaged in negotiations with Israel - Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty (led to his assassination as other Arab states didn't like it)
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National Democratic Party
- Heavily dependent on US aid
- Against Islamic Fundamentalism
- Anti-Iraq war 2003
- Corrupt government
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First democratically elected head of state in Egyptian history
- Granted himself unlimited powers to legislate
- Issued an Islamist backed draft constitution - "Islamist Coup"
- Overthrown by el-Sisi
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(acting President)
1906 - 1975
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REscued country's finances, modernized.
- Foreign policy = pan-Islam, anti-Communist, pro-Palestinian nationalism
January 2015 - 04/07/2015
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Conservative and traditional - continuing policies of predecessor
- Criticized for human rights record
March 2015 - bombed Yemen in response to their civil war
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Bought billions of dollars of arms from the US and UK
Gave women right to vote in municipal councils
Maintained status quo during Arab Spring
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Supported Saddam Hussein against Iran, supported conservative religious establishment, ally of US, Assad and Mubarak
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Build up infrastructure, established GCC, Islamic solidarity with Iran, close with Western powers
1971 - 2000
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Syrian Ba'ath Party
- Sided with the Soviet Union during the Cold War
- Divided government along sectarian lines - Sunnis, formal heads of political institutions, Alawites, control over military, intelligence and security apparatus
- Nepotism
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Authoritarian regime -Ba'ath Party
- Initially seen as a potential reformer - not once he'd cruelly cracked down on Arab Spring protests preceding the Syrian Civil War
- Implicated of war crimes and crimes against humanity by the UN during the civil war
1936 - 1939
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Successful peasant rebellion , required 20,000 extra British troops
1950 - 1970
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1952
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Coup led by the Free Officers Movement in Egypt deposes British-backed monarch. Gamal Abdel Nasser becomes President of the new Arab republic of Egypt
1953
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CIA and MI6-backed coup against democratically elected Iranian Prime Minister Mossadeq. Shah Reza Pahlavi installed as monarch. Deposed in 1979 during the Iranian revolution
1958
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Coup led by the Free Officers Movement in Iraq leads to the overthrow of the Hashemite monarchy. The coup overthrew King Faisal II, the regent and Crown Prince 'Abd allah and Prime Minister Nuri al-Said. The coup established an Iraqi Republic.
1960 - October 1961
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Coup in Turkey organized by Turkish army officers against the democratically elected government of the Democratic party. The military junta returned power to civilian rules 17 months later in October 1961
1961
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Coup in Yemen leads to North Yemen Civil War fought between royalists of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen and factions of the Yemen Arab Republic. The war began with a coup carried out by the republican leader, Abdullah as-Sallal, which ousted Imam Al-Badr
1962
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Against the French
1963
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Ba'ath Party takes over in Syria
1963
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February 1963
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Iraqi coup overthrows the regime of Brigadier General Abdul-Karim Qassem. The Ba'ath Party took power under the leadership of General Ahmed Hasan al-Bakr (PM) and Colonel Abdul Salam Arif (President)
1965
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Coup in Algeria led by Colonel Houari Boumedienne, President Ben Bella ousted in the process
1968
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Coup in Iraq. The second Ba'athist regime takes over. A blood-less coup by senior Arab Nationalist officers and retired Ba'thist officers overthrows the regime of President Arif. Saddam Hussein, though Deputy Secretary-General of the Ba'th Party at the time, plays a minor role in the coup
1969
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Coup in Libya led by a young army officer Muammar Qaddafi - Establishes Libyan Revolution
1970
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Minister of Defence, Hafez al-Assad leads the coup ousting the civilian party leadership and assuming the role of President
1947 - 1949
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1962 - 1970
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5 June 1967 - 10 June 1967
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Between Israel and the United Arab Republic (Egypt, Syria and Jordan)
- Heightened tensions after Egyptian troops mobilized along the Israeli borderline --> Israel - preemptive airstrikes
- Egyptians completely unprepared for any kind of military attack - the airstrikes took out their planes, foot soldiers along the Gaza strip and the Sinai Peninsula also caught them by surprise and they evacuated with little organization
- Over 20,000 Arabs killed, less than 1000 Israelis
- Well organized Israeli Offensives, poorly organized Arab leaders
December 1967 - 1970
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No serious diplomatic efforts followed the Six Day War - tensions still high
- Arab states formulated the "3 Nos" policy - peace, recognition or negotiation with Israel
- Hostilities resumed along the Suez Canal
- By 1969, Egyptian army prepared for large scale offensives - large-scale shelling of the Suez Canal, extensive aerial warfare and commando strikes.
- By then end of the war in 1970 - no changes to the frontiers, no efforts at peace negotiations
6 October 1973 - 25 October 1973
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1932
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Judiciary was given to the Wahhabi but political institutions for the Saudi royal family
1947 - 1949
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Approx. 700,000 refugees expelled from Palestine (Israeli officials say they weren't expelled... they were expelled.)