History of American Education

New England colonies were organized by Puritans
-teach religious beliefs
-Boston, schoolmaster
-Massachusetts General Court 1647 (50 families/100families/individual with$$)
-a right or responsibility?

-Served ages 3021 (most were 5-13)
-Curriculum: Basic survival stuff (R, WR, AR)
-For extra money-Latin, music, geometry, surveying, elocution
-Peer teaching (prenticeship)

Common Schools
-Registered with state
-knowledge, not just survival skills
Academies (ex: Exeter & Phillips)
-No state involvement aside from charters

Friends of Education (Horace Mann & Henry Barnard) redefine the common school
-Public shcool organized around townships (50 families)
-State-licensed teachers
-Standardized methods & curricula
-Full time, state licensed administrators
-Grades borken out by age

-To promote "the Anglo-Saxon frame of mind"
-To share best methods and curricula

-No test, fairness
-College prepareness

NEA (National Education Association)
-Public Standardized Education
-8 Years of Elementary Education, 4 Years of Secondary Education
-All courses should last the same number of minutes
~ set in 1893
-Left Out: Art & Music; PE; Vocation Education

The Advancement of Teaching developed the "standard unit." -50 minutes of actual instruction time each hour in a classroom.

The Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education
-Health
-Commnad of Fundamental Processes
-Worthy Home Membership
-Vocation
-Civic Education
-Worthy Use of Leisure Time
-Ethical Character

Purpose: To ensure the continuation of democracy in America

-The Scopes Monkey Trial 1925/Tennessee Law (Creationism)
-First SAT 1926
-John Dewey 1928/Pragatism/Instrumentalism
-Education is not delivery of knowledge but understanding students' real experiences (experiential education) Experiences is all one knows.
-Only through real Doing can there be real Learning!