The Holocaust

Representatives from thirty-two countries meet at Evian, France, to discuss refugee policies. Most of the countries refuse to let in more Jewish refugees.

The German government announces that Jews have to carry Identification cards

Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass): anti-Jewish pogrom in Germany, Austria, and the Sudetenland; 200 synagogues were destroyed; 7,500 Jewish shops looted; 30,000 male Jews sent to concentration camps (Dachau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen).

German Jews are ordered to pay one billion Reichsmarks in reparations for damages of Kristallinacht.

All Jewish children are expelled from German schools and can attend only separate jewish schools.

Jews must sell their businesses and real estate and hand over their jewelry to the government for very low prices.

Jews may no longer are allowed to attend university as teachers or students.

Germans occupy Czechoslovakia

Jews are forced to turn in electrical objects to the police. Jews also receive less ration coupons for meat, milk etc. They also receive less ration coupons for clothing.

The first Polish ghetto was established in Piotrkow.

Jews in German-occupied Poland forced to wear an arm band or yellow star.

A concentration camp is established in Auschwitz.

The biggest concentration camp was established in Warsaw.

Thousands of Russian and Jews are murdered by the Einzatzgruppen (extermination squads) in the occupied territories.

Chelmno (Kulmhof) extermination camp begins operations: 340,000 Jews, 20,000 Poles and Czechs were murdered by April 1943.

Around fifteen thousand Jews in Lodz Ghetto are moved to Chelmno, mostly children under ten and individual over sixty-five. And by September 16, around fifty thousand Jews were moved to the death camp in Chelmno.

16 Jews who were going to be moved from Warsaw ghetto to a German death camp but they resisted and fight back from deporting to the death camp.

Mengele in a time period between his first arrival and the liberation of Auschwitz did uncountable numbers of experiments on humans at the Auschwitz camps. He did experiments on twins, women sterilization experiments, surgeries without anesthetic, inserted diseases, tested how long until people died under certain circumstances, and many other absolutely detestable, unbelievable, and mind-chilling experiments. He was nicknamed the “Angel of Death,” because he also was quite often on duty to decide who was going to live and who was going to be gassed or experimented on. Many consider Josef Mengele to be one of the sickest, twisted, psychopathic people to have ever existed.

The Nazis ordered for the Ghettos in Soviet Union and Poland to be destroyed.

The Nazis deported over 430,000 Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz

The prisoners at Auschwitz death camp rebel and blew up one of the crematorium

The Nazis has cleared the people up the Auschwitz concentration camp and started to make the prisoners do the “death march” to Germany

United States went in and saved the survivors from Buchenwald and Dachau concentration camps.

Adolf Hitler decides to commit suicide in his bunker in Berlin because he didn't want to be caught alive by the Soviet Union.

Germany surrenders and the World War ends in Europe.