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1821
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The uniting of these two companies ended the violent rivalry. This rivalry was getting out of hand, the two companies had been competing for supremacy, not commercial success. This had caused skirmishes and small battles where many men had died. In order to stop the deaths, the two representatives of both companies agreed to merge into one company under the Hudson's Bay Company's name. The North West Company's workers were also transferred over to the Hudson's Bay Company. The uniting of these two companies created the most powerful fur trading company in the world. Combining the two companies had given the Hudson's Bay Company more territory to expand into and all the North West Company's workers.
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-ZUmq93z2NjY/TYFtE8ZqHgI/AAAAAAAAAKs/z-vcDyYrdkc/s1600/c_141430_hudsons_bay_520.jpg
Hudson's Bay Company. "Our History: The North West Company" http://www.hbcheritage.ca/hbcheritage/history/acquisitions/furtrade/nwc.asp. Hudson's Bay Company (HBC). 2014. Web. Aug 11. 2014
I rate this site a 5/5 because it was written by the Hudson's Bay Company, who must know what happened, considering it is their company's history.
1840
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The act of Union merged the colonies of Upper and Lower Canada, becoming the Province of Canada, ending the rebellions that were happening between the colonies. The new province was also known as United Canada and helped stabilize the colonies but at the same time it didn't. The Union combined what is now some of Quebec and what is now part of Ontario. It got rid of the french language from use in the government. It was also supposed to help with Upper Canada's debt. The new Government of Canada had split the seats in the Legislative Assembly equally even though Lower Canada (Now called Canada East after the colonies merged.) had a larger population. This caused a lot of arguments, Canada East wanting the Legislative Assembly to be represented by population instead.
https://tce-staging.s3.amazonaws.com/media/media/thumbnails/6c1d94f8-72f8-4632-ae07-b58bded6a634.jpg
Library and Archives Canada. "Act of Union." http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/confederation/023001-3010.04-e.html. Library and Archives Canada. 14 Dec. 2001. Web. 11 Aug. 2014.
I rate this website a 3/5 because it had the information I needed but not a lot.
1862
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The Smallpox epidemic caused many deaths of the native people in Canada. The Europeans were not affected by it as much because their immune systems were used to it and had developed almost like an immunity towards the disease. The natives were wary towards the Europeans, some thought they had brought the disease to wipe them out to steal their land. But the Europeans hadn't tried to wipe them out, the disease had been brought over by accident. This epidemic did wipe out a lot of native people. At least half the population in BC died because of smallpox, most of them being native people. The European settlers tried to help by vaccinating as many of the sick as they could.
http://www.historytoday.com/sites/default/files/smallpox.jpg
"The 1862 Smallpox Epidemic." http://haidagwaiihistory.blogspot.ca/2012/04/1862-smallpox-epidemic.html. Blogger. 27 Apr. 2012. Web. 11 Aug. 2014.
I rate this website a 3/5 because I don't think it's the most trustworthy but it seemed to have realistic information.
1867
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Canada became a dominion in 1867. The British North America Act was what created the Dominion of Canada. The Act unified Nova Scotia and New Brunswick with Canada's provinces. All of these places were now a dominion of the Crown of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Canada was also divided into four provinces. The new ones were Quebec and Ontario and the other two were New Brunswick and Nova Scotia like they already were named. The new provinces were Upper and Lower Canada separated. The government was still controlled by the Queen. Adding these two provinces helped make Canada larger.
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-aSqKPZyHBDc/Twggycr8AjI/AAAAAAAAG5I/YDo8bdXIt7g/s1600/canada100bondvig.jpg
"British North America Act, 1867 - Enactment No. 1." Government of Canada, Department of Justice, Constitutional Affairs. Government of Canada, 7 June 2013. Web. 12 Aug. 2014. http://canada.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/csj-sjc/constitution/lawreg-loireg/p1t11.html.
I rate this website 5/5 because it was a government site and had a lot of informtion.
1869
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The new Canadian government bought Rupert's Land from the Hudson's Bay Company. Hudson's Bay Company was selling it because the demand for fur was decreasing. The Americans were going to buy Rupert's Land originally but Canada fought for it and the British government pressured the Hudson's Bay Company to sell it to Canada. There were First Nations and Metis that lived on this land and they weren't too happy with the fact that they were now part of Canada. They were worried that they wouldn't have their rights. The purchase of this country caused rebellions, one of which is next on this timeline.
http://www.bclearningnetwork.com/LOR/media/SS10/Media/Cultural_Conflict/ruperts_land.jpg
"Canada Buys Rupert's Land." CBCnews. CBC/Radio Canada. 2001. Web. 12 Aug. 2014.
I rate this website a 4/5 because it seemed pretty trustworthy but not completely.
1869
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The Metis List of Rights ensured that the people that lived in the Red River settlement, most of which were Metis, had their rights like they wanted. This helped convince them to join Canada. Their rights were the right to vote and elect their own Legislature and other government appointed officials, to connect Winnipeg with the nearest railroad, that the Judge of the Supreme must speak both English and French, treaties must be ratified by the Government of the Dominion of Canada and the tribes of First Nations that inhabit the country, free Homestead and preemption land laws, fair and full representation in the Canadian Parliament, respect for their customs and, a portion of the public land to be used for schools, roads, bridges and public buildings.
http://cogweb.ucla.edu/Restoration/Images/DeclarationOfRights_1688.jpg
Cranny, Michael William. "Changes: The Red River Settlement between 1860 and 1870." Horizons: Canada Moves West. Scarborough, Ont.: Prentice Hall Ginn Canada, 1999. 159. Print.
I rate this book a 5/5 because it's a textbook from school so it has to be trustworthy.
1869
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The people who lived in the Red River Settlement were unsure of how the government of Canada was going to work. They were upset that the population had not been consulted before the purchase of the land. The population of the Red River settlement was made up of mainly Metis and they feared for their rights. They would not let any Canadian government delegates onto their land. Louis Riel, the leader of this rebellion, set up a provisional government because of this emergency and assumed the position of leader after the President John Bruce. Originally he was just the Secretary of the Metis movement. Louis Riel lost support when he executed a man who opposed him. This man had done nothing wrong and even Louis Riel's supporters were shocked. After the execution, Canada said they would protect the rights of the Red River settlement. The emergency government of the settlement agreed to joining Canada and thus, the province of Manitoba was created.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/ShootingThomasScott.jpg/250px-ShootingThomasScott.jpg
Sullivan, Sean. ""Canadian Illustrated News and the Red River Rebellion (October 1869-1870)" - Canadian Illustrated News, 1869-1883." Library and Archives Canada. Government of Canada, 27 May 2014. Web. 12 Aug. 2014. http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/canadian-illustrated-news-1869-1883/Pages/cin-red-river-rebellion.aspx.
I rate this website a 5/5 because it lists its sources and is an official website that had a lot of information I wanted.
1885
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The Canadian Pacific Railway was established in 1881. Its goal was to connect all of Canada by rail. Construction started off slow with only a small amount of railway being built in the first year. This small amount was not enough if this project was to be finish by the deadline of 1891. The deadline had been set by British Colombia, wanting to join confederation only if a railway was constructed joining the populated areas in the east with the lesser populated colonies in the west. It wanted this railway to be constructed within ten years. The chief engineer and general superintendent were fired because of this slow beginning. An American was hired to be the new superintendent. He sped up the process and the Canadian Pacific Railway was completed six years ahead of schedule. The railway helped with trading and transferring goods, populating new areas of land.
http://www.bcarchives.gov.bc.ca/exhibits/timemach/galler08/images/a_00856.gif
"Our History." http://www.cpr.ca/en/about-cp/our-past-present-and-future/Pages/our-history.aspx. Canadian Pacific Railway. 2014. Web. 12 Aug. 2014.
I rate this website a 5/5 because it is the CPR's official website so they must know their own history. It gave me lots of information.
1896
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Wilfrid Laurier was elected in 1869. He was a Liberal and also the first French Canadian prime minister. He promoted national unity and attempted to unify the English-Canadians and the French-Canadians. He helped develop Canada by encouraging immigration to the West, and the construction of a second railway that crossed the continent. By the end of his reign the population of Canada had grown by 2 million. He was also very good at compromising and decided whether Canada would help in the South African War, which it did. He helped solve the problems of English-Canadians only schools and the provinces, Saskatchewan and Alberta.
http://townshipsheritage.com/files/townshipsheritagewebmagazine/article-images/c008103.jpg
Farfan, Matthew. "SIR WILFRID LAURIER (1841-1919), PRIME MINISTER OF CANADA." Laurentian Heritage WebMagazine. Laurentian Heritage WebMagazine, 1 Jan. 2014. Web. 12 Aug. 2014. http://laurentian.quebecheritageweb.com/article/sir-wilfrid-laurier-1841-1919-prime-minister-canada.
I rate this website 3/5 because it had good information but not much.
1905
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The addition of these two provinces gave more resources and land to the people who lived in Canada. There were already settlers who lived in what used to be part of the North West Territories and there were more and more immigrants coming over. The reason for this was that there had been advertisements for the land in these regions and many Europeans were immigrating to come and turn the land into farms. The inhabitants wanted to join Canada so they would have some form of government to help with the growing population. The joining of these provinces made Canada almost span all the way across, from sea to sea, not including Newfoundland. Newfoundland would later join Canada in 1949, filling in the last piece.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Canada_provinces_1905-1912.png
Dunn, William and West, Linda. “Alberta and Saskatchewan Created.” Canada: A Country by Consent. Artistic Productions Limited. 2011. Web. 12 Aug. 2014.http://canadahistoryproject.ca/1840/1840-03-war-1812.html