Elizabeth's Foreign relations

One of Elizabeth's first foreign policy was an Anglo- French treaty- the TREATY OF CATEU-CAMBRESIS, this treaty allowed Elizabeth to reclaim Cialis, the French would keep Cialis for 8 years then it would be returned to England as long as the kept the peace (including Spain). This meant Elizabeth would still have a foothold in France.

Henry II died in a jousting accident. This brought an end to the peaceful foreign relations. Henry's successor was Francis II ( the husband of Mary) he was only 15 and she only 17, the real rulers of France became the Guise Family. The Guise Family was the most noble family in France they had influence in Scotland Mary Guise was queen regent (unpopular) in Scotland was the sister of the Duke of Guise could manipulate Scotland for the benefit of France.

In early 1562 Elizabeth sent aid to the Huguenots ( French Protestants) after the massacre of Huguenots which led to the French civil war. Dudley and Throckmorton pleaded with Elizabeth to send aid to France, which she did under the control of Dudley's brother the Earl of Warwick to the garrison of the Huguenots in the Port of le Havre. Elizabeth probably did this not as an act of protestant support/opportunity but as a bargaining chip for Cialis. Therefore she gave little aid - the treaty of HAMPTON COURT, she gave aid in the form of £3000 and men. Elizabeth was aware of there status of rebels. The division within France closed and the English became the common enemy- Le Haver was taken back by the French and the English garrison had been devastated by disease.

Elizabeth had to accept the terms of the treaty of Troyes, confirming the control of Cialis to the French forever. This intervention had lost Elizabeth, money, men and prestige. However limits of her own ambitions had kept her losses down some previous monarchs/ rulers may have wasted even more than she had.

Cathernine de Madeci order the death of a Catholic gernaral, this resulted it a mass killing of Huguenots, this brought about an end to the treaty.

A deffence allience against Spain , there was marriage negoations with Frace and England, France also said that they would abandon assosation with Mary Queen of Scots.

Marriage negoations began again with Frace sothat to help her with the Spanish treat.

The treaty was made to stop Henry Navarre becoming King, because at this point he had inhretedd the throne and he was a Protestant and Frace was Catholic.

This friendship was based on a mutual anti- French sentiment. The alliance was strengthened by the massive amount of trade between the two, most of Elizabeth's income came from duties of export of wool and cloth that passed Phillips ports. The only issue between the allies was religion at this time neither side wanted war.

Elizabeth involved herself in the French civil war, this led to the warning from Philip, trade with the Netherlands could not take place because Philip closed his ports to the English. So the English sourced other ports and found Germany and the Baltic, good for the merchants. England no longer depended only on the Spanish for trade in the Netherlands, this weakened the Anglo- Spanish relationship.

A warning to Elizabeth, about events in France with the Huguenots. He did not approve of her sending aid to protestant rebels, to show he was serious he shut down the port of Flanders to English merchants, trade resumed in 1565

The relationship was weakened further when due to storm damage Hawkins had to take shelter at a Spanish port (San Juan de Ulua in the colonies. A Spanish fleet found him and thought he was a pirate killing all the sailors and taking statue of Jesus the Queen had provided- Hawkins lost most of his proceeds of the voyage. however Spain and England thought that they were both right this caused hostility between the two.

A Spanish fleet was forced into an English port by storms and Huguenots pirates. The fleet was carrying gold to pay Alva's army in the Netherlands, the gold was seized and taken to London in retaliation to what happened to Hawkins. In retaliation the Spanish arrested all English merchants in the Netherlands, so Elizabeth arrested all Spanish merchants in English ports.

Trade between England and Spain recommences after 5 years out of trade with one another.

Due to problems with Turkish fleets in the Mediterranean, which caused Philip to leave the Netherlands, he never came back.

Philip was initially going to tolerate the protestant revolt.

Elizabeth allowed exiled protestants to live in England.

The turning point in the Anglo- Spanish relationship was when Philip sent an army under the control of the Duke of Alva, into the Netherlands to crush a revolt. This caused alarm in England Cecil believed that an army in the Netherlands could lead to A Spanish invasion on England. this put strain on the Anglo- Spanish relationship.

see Spain 1568- the weakening of the Anglo- Spanish relationship and Hostilities heighten.