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Use Cases
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Resources
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Pricing
18 January 1919 - January 1920
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Paris
GB & US could not attend until December 1919
G signed 28 June 1919; anger over war-guilt clause
March 1919
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Moscow
Undercover status: diplomatic spies sent in failed to arrange anything.
April 1919 - October 1922
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Odessa, Archangel, N'rn R
US & GB evacuated first.
J stayed in Vladivostock until October 1922.
23 April 1919
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Wilson appealed to the I'n public to remove Vittorio Orlando from power, forcing Orlando to leaves Paris negotiations.
28 April 1919
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Plenary session for the Treaty of Versailles approved WW's plan for League of Nations.
May 1919
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AK recognised as the supreme R'n authority by most W'rn EU'n states.
15 May 1919
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G landing at Smyrna was perceived by T as an invasion, and provoked a T Nationalist uprising.
19 June 1919
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Orlando loses power and is succeeded by F Nitti.
September 1919
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I adventurers, led by D'Annunzio, seized Yugoslavian town of Fiume.
10 Sept 1919
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A signs ToStG; this causes internal problems. A people are outraged by staggering reparations and level of blame denoted.
5 November 1919
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WW's power is restricted by an opposition House. This hinders his ambitious international campaign in the future.
27 November 1919
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B signs ToN, known in B as 'The Second National Catastrophe'. In WW2, B invades much of the land it lost as a result of ToN.
February 1920
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R Civil War led to much bloodshed and the death of AK. Coming to an end, the Comintern is established.
April 1920
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G troops enter the demilitarized zone in an attempt to stop an uprising. F responds w/ an invasion - as per ToV.
April 1920 - October 1920
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Ukraine, Lithuania, Czechoslovakia
P begins to expand into areas previously held (& beyond).
April: Ukraine
July: Teschen (Cz)
October: Vilna (Li)
April 1920
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LoN agrees on G reparations.
4 June 1920
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H signs ToT, thereby losing 2/3 of its land.
July 1920 - August 1920
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FN of I formally recognises Albanian independence of I (& Gr) in August.
12 November 1920
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I reluctantly signs ToR.
Under the secret London Pact (1915), I was to receive much of Y if Allies won WW1. WW outlawed this pact & I lost out on this land.
I subsequently evacuated all troops from Fiume.
December 1920
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King Costantine of Gr was reinstated, having fled Gr after disagreement w/ PM EV over Gr's involvement in WW1.
1921
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GB appealed to US to maintain close relationship w/ J (strength in Asia & unreliable rising power).
BUT US wanted to limit J's power; for the same reasons.
1921
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Czechoslovakia, Romania, Yugoslavia
All three found their boundaries massively extended following recent treaties.
February 1921
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In the face of dwindling GB/US support, F & P continued to believe in a strong G'n threat so formed an allegiance.
21 February 1921 - 12 March 1921
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Allies failed to mediate discussions to try to rescue ToS from attack (by both sides).
March 1921
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Dusseldorf, Ruhrort, Duisberg
G evaded reparations negotiations at London Conference. F responded to failure to pay w/ invasion.
March 1921
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Intended to raise bargaining power of both nations in negotiations w/ The W.
18 March 1921
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Gave P a great deal of Ukrainian land, hitherto unimpeded by treaties.
27 April 1921
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The Reparations Commission (put together as part of the Paris Conference - for the treaties) published a report indicating G was to pay £50m upfront & £6,650m in total (Allied aggregate).
25 August 1921
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Republican Congress prevented WW from signing ToV; forcing a separate treaty between US & G. This was due to Republican resistance to LoN.
US was entitled to full privileges due to Allies, BUT the US-G relationship was not under LoN jurisdiction.
October 1921
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Smyrna
France recognises the legitimacy of the T National Government in the region of Smyrna, a blow to Gr.
12 November 1921 - 6 February 1922
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Agreed in Washington DC
This was to restrict outstripping growth of one nation's naval strength (particularly wrt. battleships); the ratios were:
US (5): GB (5): J (3): F (1.75): I (1.75)
December 1921
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This is received as a power-block of Gr from E'n side.
6 February 1922
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9-power treaty w/o enforcing sanctions.
10 April 1922 - 19 May 1922
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A failed attempt at dealing with the post-war economic problems & bad relations w/ R.
1 August 1922
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GB was set to receive enough from EU debtors to pay off US.
August 1922 - September 1922
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After March 1922 failed Gr offensive, T struck out & beat back Gr.
GB wanted to support armed justice; F & I did not.
October 1922
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DLG's position w/in Nat Gov had been dramatically weakened by stance on Gr/T issue (too willing to engage in war again) & by selling OBEs.
Overwhelming Carlton vote to abandon Coal for coming election.
October 1922
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A's economy (crippled by loss of land & war - among other factors) could not support itself nor reparations; these were eventually abandoned.
31 October 1922
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Mussolini's 'Roman', expansionist military message greatly appealed to a weakened I.
November 1922
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Crippling economic factors led to the collapse of G'n parliament; argued that G was not ready for such an innovative governmental structure.
Wirth (PM) has asked for a 3/4 year moratorium on reparations.
26 December 1922
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Reparations for timber (remarkable it wasn't one of the man-made goods) had to be given a moratorium for January & February.
1923
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US had been unsure about giving an EU loan to stabilise G economy, needed support from GB.
11 January 1923
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In an attempt to gain reparations by force (ToV) France invaded Ruhr (G) to take back what was owed.
21 January 1923
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T takes back Constantinople.
February 1923 - 26 September 1923
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The people refused to work to produce goods & materials that would immediately be taken by F for reparations.
Stresemann called it off. Arguably the cause of the ensuing hyper-inflation (forced gov's hand).
July 1923
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August 1923
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Part of Mussolini's plan to reinstate an I Empire (Roman rhetoric).
Mussolini agreed to be tried by a counsel of ambassadors, who offered to pay I to retreat (NOT LoN).
13 August 1923
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Stresemann was appointed Chancellor & Foreign Minister, solved the G hyper-inflation by recalling all printed money and introducing a new currency in small circulation.
January 1924
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Benes was becoming anxious about anti-G implications of F policy and wanted protection.
21 January 1924
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The absence of this influential leader led to a floundering in R policy.
February 1924 - October 1924
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February: GB & I
October: F
Notably, this was only once Lenin had died.
16 March 1924
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Resentment w/in Y against foundation-less I expansionist policy.
10 June 1924
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Socialist politician in I was murdered after having criticised recently the violence of Mussolini's party. Opened W'rn Eu's eyes to the reality of fascism w/in I.
September 1924
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An attempt to solve the Eu reparations problems; forced F to evacuate Ruhr.
29 October 1924
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Inherent from short-lived Labour gov. Post-Zinoviev letter crisis.
January 1925
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As part of the Dawes Plan requirements.
17 January 1925 - 8 February 1928
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Condemned nations who did not adhere to LoN dispute protocols, & referred international disagreements to LoN counsel.
5 October 1925 - 3 December 1925
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Dealt w/ G W'rn borders (particularly w/ F).
A failure of an attempt to put issues to rest, really needed to address problems in E.