Medieval World

Europe

Early Middle Ages

500 CE - 1000 CE

High Middle Ages

1000 CE - 1300 CE

Crusades

1095 CE - 1270 CE

Gothic Style

1150 CE - 1400 CE

built between 1150-1400 C.E., Rising to heaven

Late Middle Ages

1300 CE - 1450 CE

Bubonic Plague

1347 CE - 1400 CE

initially, and every decade afterwards for two centuries until 15th century

Roman Empire

Height of Roman Empire

117 CE

Move of Roman capital to Byzantium

330 CE

Recognition of Christianity as religion of Roman Empire

395 CE

313 C.E. → Constantine issued a decree, allowing Christians to practice religion freely.
380 C.E.→ Theodosius I
395 C.E. → Christianity became recognized

Attack of Rome by Germanic tribe

410 CE

Fall of last Roman emperor in the west

476 CE

Byzantine Empire

Reign of Justinian I

527 CE - 565 CE

iconoclasm → destruction of religious art

710 CE - 843

Byzantine Emperor Leo III banned the use of icons in churches and homes, and Byzantine lifted the ban in 843 CE.

Schism between EOC and RCC

1054 CE - 1964 CE

Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church got separated

Ottoman Empire

1453 - 1900

Turks, took over Constantinople.

Germanic + Franks

Reign of Clovis as King of Franks

481 CE - 509 CE

Reign of Charlemagne as King of Franks

768 CE - 814 CE

Charlemagne Crown as Holy Roman Emperor

800 CE

Henry IV begged forgiveness

1077 CE

Henry IV begged forgiveness from Pope Gregory VII.

England

William invaded England

1066 CE

Emergence of English court system

1100 CE

Reign of King Henry II

1154 CE - 1189 CE

Constitutions of Clarendon

1164 CE

issued by King Henry II

Signing of Magna Carta (Great Charter)

1215 CE

Barons met King John in Runnymede, beside the River Thames

Setup of Model Parliament

1295 CE

called together by King Edward I, allowing commoners and lower-ranking officials in the parliament as well as nobles

Hundred Years' War

1337 CE - 1453 CE

King Philip VI of France: French fiefs of English King Edward III belonged to him. War broke out in France.

Arabian Peninsula

Muhammad born in Mecca

570 CE

Muhammad called to be a prophet

610 CE

at age 40, received the call, from the angel Gabriel, to be a prophet

Night Journey

619 CE

Abu Talib and Khadijah both died, the year of sadness

hijrah遷移

622 CE

Muhammad left Mecca for Yathrib/ Madinah (Medin)
first year in the Muslim calendar

Last Sermon, death of Muhammad

632 CE

Muhammad's final pilgrimage to Makkah, and died in Madinah

Muslim Empire

Four Caliphs

632 CE - 661 CE

1st: Abu Bakr, 632-634 CE, united Arabia, carrying teaching beyond Arabia
2nd: Umar 634-644 CE, expand Islam empire; by 643 Muslim empire included Iraq, Persia, Eastern Mediterranean, and North Africa
3rd: Uthman 644-656 CE; a member of the Umayyad clan
Official edition of Qur'an
4th: Ali 656-661 CE, son-in-law of Muhammad's Fatimah (4D) drawing into a civil war → ended through negotiation

Umayyad Dynasty

661 CE - 750 CE

Moved capital to Damascus, Syria in 661 CE.

Battle of Tours

732 CE

711 CE Muslim conquest spain
732 CE Battle of Tours: Frankish King Charles Martel stopped Muslims