Germany

AP European History Course - Germany

Politics

Princes consolidate power

1450 - 1500

Unification

1871

Princes of the territories named Wilhelm of Prussia as their Empeorr.

Triple Alliance formed

1882

with Austria and Italy.
lasts until the end of WWI.

Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact

1939

Economic

Economic depression

1300 - 1450

Hanseatic League

1356

founded.
Confederation of guilds to trade together.

Zollverein established

1818

"German Customs Union"
To manage tariffs and economic policies
Made economic/trade ties with other countries.

Das Kapital

1894

by Karl Marx
surplus capital.

Great Depression

1929 - 1939

OPEC oil crisis

1973

Social

Black Death arrives

1347

Peasant Revolts

1350 - 1450

Caused political chaos
People were heavily taxed and suppressed.

Printing and movable type

1450

... invented

Peasant revolts

1525

Wanted freedom and influence.

Nationalism arrives

1800

With the end of the French Revolution.

Welfare legislation

1889

Berlin Wall built

1961

To stop East Germans from fleeing to the West.

Berlin Wall falls

1989

Military

Thirty Years' War

1618 - 1648

Protestant Union VS Catholic League.

Caused by German Protestants acquiring bishoprics.
Resulted in the Treaty of Westphalia.
North German states = Protestant.
South German states = Catholic.

World War I

1914 - 1918

Central Powers VS Allies.
Central Powers lost.
Treaty of Versailles made Germany...
- give colonies away
- let the Polish part cede into a new Polish state
- limit its army
- pay for the war

World War II

1939 - 1945

Axis VS Allies.
Germany created alliances and started invading everybody.
Left Germany divided (East/West)

Religious

Gutenburg Bibile

1455

first Bible mass printed in the vernacular

Ninety-Five Thesis

1517

Martin Luther nails them to a church door.
Criticized indulgences.

Charles V as Pope

1519 - 1556

Diet of Worms

1521

Luther's trial.
he lost.
Duke Frederik of Saxony gave him protection.

Cultural

Albrecht Dürer

1471

Died 1528.
Painter

The Communist Manifesto

1848

by Karl Marx.
outlined his socialist ideas.
"society is the history of class struggles"

Realism arrives

1850

Impressionism arrives

1870

Modernism arrives

1900

Leaders

Otto van Bismarck

1871 - 1890

Unified Germany.
Achieved a balance of power.

Adolf Hitler

1933 - 1945

Chancellor, Kaiser.