pt2

Great Zimbabwe was an incredible city in the South-Eastern hills of Zimbabwe, Africa. It functioned as the capital of Zimbabwe and a cosmopolitan city that represented the country. The city declined due to a decline in trade, exhaustion of the gold mines, political instability and famine.

The Age of Exploration is characterized as a time when Europeans began exploring the world in search of new trading routes, wealth, and knowledge. It began after the fall of Constantinople because Europe had been depending upon the fallen city for trade, and now that it had fell, they needed to expand and search for new trade. Some famous explorers who shaped the era were Columbus, Cortes, and Champlain, all of which made a lasting impact on the world through their discoveries.

The Byzantine Empire was the continuation of the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages. Its capital was the majestic city of Constantinople which was extremely large and powerful. The empire began to decline throughout the rise of the Ottoman Empire, and Constantinople was soon conquered by the Ottomans, bringing an end to the Byzantine Empire.

The Wars of the Roses were a series of English civil wars for control of the throne of England. Henry Tudor (Henry VII) won said wars at the Battle of Bosworth Field and took control of the throne. The wars of the Roses ended up being instrumental in England's history, as the famous King Henry VII rose to power as a result.

The Tokugawa Shogunate was the last feudal Japanese military government. The head of government was the shogun, and each was a member of the Tokugawa clan. Tokugawa Ieyasu's dynasty of shoguns made for over 250 years of unity and peace in Japan, involving the rise of anew merchant class and urbanization.

The Slave Trade involved the transportation of millions of African slaves to The Americas by boat across the Atlantic Ocean. In turn, America would trade goods back to Africa. However, it was a lot more brutal than it sounds. The slaves were cramped on boats in extremely harsh conditions and then treated like animals on their farms. It was a completely horrendous and absolutely inhumane period in history, for both America and Africa.

Napoleon landed in Egypt with 400 ships and 54,000 men with intent to invade and conquer Africa. He had a short-lived rule from 1798 to 18021, but his successor, Muhammed Ali, was much more influential. Muhammed Ali rued Egypt for about 50 years and began the reforms that created modern Egypt. In the 1830's he headed the strongest state in the Islamic world and was the first to implement Western methods and technology. By the end of his rule the population had nearly doubled, trade had expanded by almost 600 percent, and a new class of educated Egyptians ha begun to replace old rulers.