Preceden

Ancient Near East

Fertile Cresent

Cuneiform

8000 bc

Neolithic Age

8,000 BC

tools refined, agriculture developed, irrigation

Bronze Age

3,000 BC

sumerian cuneiform - cities appeared (Sumer)

Mesopotamia

the wheel

3500 bc

Mesopotamia

3,200 BC

Cuneiform (Sumerian)

3000 bc

King Sargon - Akkadians rule over Sumer

2371 BC - 2316 BC

Sargon's dynasty rules Sumer

Ur attains power in Mesopotamia

2100 BC - 2000 BC

epic of gilgamesh (sumerians)

2000 bc

No power & Chaos

2000 BC - 1900 BC

Amorites (Old Bab. Dynasty)

1900 bc - 1600 bc

Mesopotamia was unified by Amorites

Hammurabi

1792 bc - 1750 bc

Law code

Hittites attack Old Bab. Empire

1600 bc

Kassites settled and ruled

1600 bc - 1300 bc

Hurrians establish kingdom (Mitanni)

1500 BC - 1400 BC

upper tigris-uphrates

Hittites Conquer

1400 bc

Egypt

Archaic (Early Dynastic Period)(1-2)

3100 bc - 2700 bc

unified nile river valley - efficient agriculture - 1-2 dynasties

Old Kingdom (3-6)

2700 bc - 2200 bc

3-6 dynasties - supreme pharaoh power - theocracy govt - GIZA pyramid

First Intermediate Period

2200 bc - 2050 bc

pharaohs failing - nobles controlled govt - civil wars - lack of agriculture (famine)

Middle Kingdom (Hyksos)(11-12)

2050 bc - 1700 bc

govt restored - 11-12 dynasties - egypt fell to the Hyksos

Spread of Civilization

2000 bc

Second Intermediate Period (Hyksos dominated and expelled - Ahmose 18th dynasty)

1700 bc - 1550 bc

Hyksos (Asia) dominated - expelled by Ahmose (18th dynasty)

Hittites invade Old Babylonia Empire

1600 bc

New Kingdom (18-20)

1550 bc - 1100 bc

18th - 20th dynasty - pharaohs reasserted power - pharaohs spread rule south into africa and northeast into the sinai peninsula - hittites and egypt at war - no clear victor

Meggido (egypt victory)

1457 bc

war with the hittites

Armana Period (Amenhotep IV)

1375 bc - 1358 bc

worship of only Aton - disk of the sun - capital = Akheton

Hieroglyphics

1300 bc

Kadesh (no clear victor)

1274 bc

egypt and hittites

Mediterranean

Minoans (crete)

2000 bc - 1200 bc

powerful navy - dominated those on the Aegean Sea - volcano destroyed them

Balkan Peninsula

1550 bc - 1375 bc

Mycenaeans

1400 bc - 1200 bc

conquered crete - adopted minoan writing and management - fell by sea people

sea people conquer mycenaeans

1250 bc - 1150 bc

Sea Peoples overthrew easter Mediterranean empires

1250 bc - 1150 bc

Phoenicians

1150 bc - 750 bc

canaanite - conquered sea peoples and dominated for centuries - alphabet = 30 symbols and 22 letters - settled on cyprus - byblos, carthage, cyprus

Byblos (phoenician)

750 bc

center for writing

Carthage (phoenician)

750 bc

most importane phoenician colony

Cyprus (phoenician)

750 bc

1st colony established

Near East

Moses

1275 bc

liberating Hebrews from bondage

Saul (united 12 tribes)

1020 bc - 1004 bc

monarchs of the Hebrews

King David

1004 bc - 965 bc

established Jerusalem as the capital of Isreal

Solomon

965 bc - 928 bc

built first jewish temple for sacrifices

Elijah

871 bc - 852 bc

hebrew prophet - approached Ahab

Assyrians rule

800 bc - 600 bc

conquered the near east

Amos preached against explotation

750 bc

Isreal and Judah conquered by Assyrians

721 bc

people in northern kingdom of isreal were deported - judah was allowed to remain as a vassal state

Neo-Babylonians

650 bc - 600 bc

Ninevah (ass.) conquered by Neo-Babylonians (chaldeans)

612 bc

deportation of Hebrews by Neb.

605 bc - 502 bc

Persia & Media founded by Cyrus the Great

559 bc - 530 bc

King Cyrus allowed Jews to return home

539 bc

Neo Babs fall to Cyrus the Great (bloodless battle)

539 bc

Judah fell to Neo-Babylonians

536 bc

Xerxes

486 bc - 465 bc

failed persia - stopped progression

Hellenic army led by Alexander the Great conquer Persia

336 bc - 323 bc

Persians vs. Greeks

Egypt conquered by Alexander the Great

330 bc

Roman empire ruled by Ptolemies

304 bc - 30 bc