Latin America 1900-2013

Main

Monroe Doctrine

1823

Triple Alliance War (BRA-ARG-URU vs PAR)

1864 - 1870

Big Stick Policy

1904

(Roosevelt; basically till Good Neighbor)

Dollar Diplomacy

1909 - 1913

Great Depression

1930 - 1945

Chaco War (BOL-PAR)

1932 - 1935

Good Neighbor Policy

1933 - 1945

Bretton Woods: IMF, WB

1945

GATT

1947

ECLAC

1948

OAS Charter

1948

Alliance for Progress

1961

Int. oil crisis/ embargo

1973 - 1974

Baker Plan

1985

Brady Plan

1987

Esquipulas II (Central American Peace accords) signed

1987

US Panama Invasion

1989 - 1990

Washington Consensus

1989

WTO

1995

Merida Initiative

2008

Colombia

Assasination of Gaitan starts la Violencia

1948 - August 1957

National Front (power sharing)

1958 - 1978

FARC and EPL Formed

1964

M-19 Formed

1970

FARC form political party Union Patriotica

1985

toma del palacio de justicia

november 6, 1985

Demobilization of M-19 under Pres Barco Vargas

March 8, 1990

Col. Constitution of 1991

1991

Demobilization of Quintin Lame

May 1991

AUC established uniting paramilitary groups

1997

Pastrana begins "Plan Colombia"

2000

Demobilization of AUC

2003 - 2006

Uribe Plan Patriota

2004

Ley de Justicia y Paz

2005

Parapolitica scandal

2007

Falsos Positivos scandal

2008

FARC/ government negotiate in Oslo

September 2012

Santos announces talks with the FARC

September 4, 2012

Argentina

econ prosperity b/c export-import growth model & polit stability b/c oligarchy

1880 - 1916

mass democracy

1916 - 1930

econ crisis in Arg; milit coup of Yrigoyen; return of oligarchy; start ISI

1930

Rise and fall of Juan D. Peron's populist regime

1943 - 1955

Political instability; succession of military governments/ weak democracies

1955 - 1966

military regime in power; socioecon crisis, gerrilla warfare

1966 - 1973

return of democracy

1973

Juan Peron dies in office and is replaced by Evita

1974

"dirty war"; and economic crisis;

1976 - 1983

invasion and defeat of Falklands

1982

growing econ/social problems, hyperinflation/polit crisis

1983 - 1989

Military calls for elections

1983

Peronist Menem elected; implements free market policies

1989 - 1995

Econ minister Cavallo introduced 1:1, Peso:Dollar, inflation controled

1991

Argentine Markets are hit by "contagion" from Mexican peso crisis

1995

Menem reelected; consolidate market economy; socioeconomic problems

1995 - 1999

recession hits and massive protests ensue

1999

IMF gives Arg. rescue money

December 2000

Argentina defaults

January 2002

Cuba

Cuban Revolution

July 1953 - January 1, 1959

Invasion at the Bay of Pigs

1961

US embargo on Cuba begins

February 3, 1962

Cuban Missile Crisis

October 1962

Cuban Communist Party formed

1965

Mariel Boatlift

April 1980 - October 1980

Fidel falls ill, power transfered to Raul

2006

Raul Castro elected president for term of 5 years

2008

Guatemala

United Fruit Company arrives in Guatemala

1901

Jacobo Arbenz elected

1950

Arbenz overthrown in CIA organized "Liberation

1954

USA sends in Green Berets, USA finances and directs counterinsurgency campaign

1966 - 1968

beginning of army counteroffensive (many massacres)

1981

counterinsurgency campaign escalates

1982

Efrain Rios Montt seizes power in coup and takes presidency

1982

Formation of URNG

1982

General Oscar Mejilla seizes power in military coup

1983

beginning of dialogue between URNG and political/social sectors

1990

beginning of Government/ URNG peace negotiations to establish agenda for peace

1991

Arrival of MINUGUA- UN verification mission

1994

Framework Accord signed- established UN as moderator of peace negotiations

1994

Himan rights accord signed, creation of Truth Comission

1994

Final Peace accords signed between URNG and government

1996

informal cease fire between URNG and government

1996

International community pledges 1.9 billion to implement peace accords

1997

Historical Clarification Commission releases report on human rights crimes

1999

President Clinton apologizes for US involvement in counterinsurgency war

1999

Mexico

Mexican-American War (ending in Mexico's defeat)

1846 - 1848

beginning of La Reforma (liberals come to power & constit. reform)

1857

french intervention on behalf of Conservatives who beat the liberals

1862

Maximilian and Conservatives beat by liberals; liberal republic reestablished

1867

Porfiriato; coup conducted by Porfirio Diaz

1876 - 1910

beginning of mexican revolution

1910

Abdication of Diaz; Madero elected

1911

Emiliano Zapata and Constitutionalist Army battle Huerta

1913

Madero assassinated by Huerta dissolves Congress

1913

Consitutionalists split into forces of Zapata/ Pancho Villa leading to conflict

1914 - 1916

Huerta defeated

1914

New Constitution

1917

US/ British owned oil companies come under state control

1938

Formation of National Action Party (PAN)

1939

Mexican Miracle

1940 - 1980

PRI formed

1947

Mexican Debt crisis; nationalism of banks; economic restructuring

1982

Salinas president; privatiziation of government assets; negotiation of NAFTA

1988 - 1994

NAFTA goes into effect

january 1, 1994

Uprising of EZLN in Chiapas

January 1, 1994

forgeign exchange crisis and peso devaluation- major recession

December 1994

People's Revolutionary Army (ERP) guerilla group emerges

1996

Vincente Fox (PAN) elected (defeating 71 year reign of PRI)

2000

Peña Nieto elected/ return PRI

2012 - 2018

Chile

Allende elected

1970

Pinochet & US backed military junta overthrows Allende

1973

introduction of Austral

1985

Pinochet defeated in a plebiscite

1988

Christian Democrat Aylwin becomes president of redemocratized CHile

1990

Pinochet arrested in Britian for extradition to Spain

1998

Pinochet returns to Chile to be tried for HR violations

2000

Pinochet dies without having stood trial

2006