Ghosh Timeline

so...Austria declares war on Serbia

1) Sinking of Lusitania (Am died)
2) Zimmerman note from Germ. to Mex. about attacking US

Russia no guns...so lose war and overthrow czar...est Communism (Lenin sent by Germans)

Austrian born, gifted speaker, promises to restore Germany to glory

Believes that Master Race = Germans, and need more land to live on (in book Mein Kampf)

Gave Germany something to believe in, and was ELECTED 1933 with 37% vote...becomes Chancellor and assumes dictatorial powers

Rearms, takes Austria and Sudetanland (Czechoslovakia)

US stops trading with Japan, so Japan attacks Pearl Harbor as a way of declaring war

US ENTERS WWII

Japan has already expanded into China and SE Asia (Nanjing Massacre)

1942 - BR and US free N. Africa and Italy...where Germ was getting oil, resoures

Soviet Union pushing back NAZIs from the East

1944 - Americans push back from West (Normandy, Fr)

Allies invade Germany...Hitler commits suicide May 1

VE (Victory in Europe) = May 9, 1945

But war not over yet bc still fighting in Asia

US does not want to INVADE Japan bc will lose million soldiers, so demanded unconitional surrender but Japan does not respond

Harry Truman decides to drop nuclear bomb on Hiroshima...still Japan does not surrender, so drops second bomb on Nagasaki (many health problems)

Japan surrenders = END OF WWII

Bombs = message to Sov Un that they may be next!

Held to punish NAZI officials

US gives billions $$ to help rebuild Europe as incentive for European countries to stay Democ

Russia sends spies to make nuclear weapons for themselves

Berlin Airlift has US fly supplies to Berlin "exclave"

Communism spreads to China

TENSION INC

Formally divides Eastern and Western Europe
w=Democ
e=Comm
No communication or trade between two sides

Arms Race on belief of Mututally Assured Destruction (MAD) = if one nation has more weapons than the other, then the other side will not attack

-both sides felt that if they had enough nuclear weapons to retaliate after the other side attacked first, then no nuclear war would ever break out

Soviets launch first artificial satellite into orbit = threat to US bc know that Russia has that technology

BEGINNING OF SPACE RACE (NASA)

Fidel Castro, a communist revolutionary overthrows US backed dictatorship in Cuba

US concerned bc Cuba is 90 mi away and could influence ppl around US to become Communist

US launched invasion with ragtag group of Cuban refugees in order to eliminate Castro : fails.

Refugees come to America, and Castro realizes US out to get him.

Soviet Union had Berlin Wall built to keep Comm and Captl apart (did not want E Germ escaping to W Germ)

(When Berlin Wall collapses - Sov Un collapses)

Castro wants to protect himself, so asks Kruschev (leader of Sov Un for protection and missiles

Since Cuba so close to US, missiles and bombs would be disastrous

Kennedy gets evidence that Cuba has weapons

Kennedy declares blockade (no attack) on Cuba, preventing ships from going in or out

Sov Un says if US attacks Cuba, they will drop bombs

SECOND CLOSEST TO ACTUAL NUCLEAR WAR

Vietcong (N. Viet. soldeirs) launch surprise attack (guerilla warfare)

militarily US wins but politically huge loss in Am public opinion ppl wonder why US involved?

TVs big impact on people, bc able to see visuals

Those against war = hippies

Bc of draft, massive student protests are launched like music fests Woodstock

LBJ doesn not run bc war so unpop

50000 died, 700000 S. Viet flee country

John Adams passed act to avoid insults about govt...limits freedom of speech

Jefferson against Adams' Alien and Sedition Act...anonymously stating that this act violates freedom of speech

Officially ends WWI
Germany (under Weimar Rep.) is blamed for war bc weaker...and must pay reparations + and give away territory + demilitarized zone
Germ inflation = blow to nationalism

Germans believed that they could have won war if not "stabbed in the back" by the Jews

Germany promises Britain and France not to take any more land
Hitler realizes no one will stand up to him...and cont to expand Germ

Poland is right in between Germany and Soviet Union

Hitler signs treaty with Sov Un...both promising not to attack each other - team up and attack Poland together despite their differences in government

Joseph Stalin, Winston Churchill, FDR meet at Yalta to decide Europe's fate

NO AGREEMENT: FORESHADOWING COLD WAR

war cooperation covered up major differences, but after war alliance fell apart

San Francisco to solve world problems

Big Three meet again, but FDR dies so Harry Truman rep, and Churchill loses election leaving Stalin with upper hand

Decide to divide Germ into occupied zones (W = US, BR, FR/ = SOV) and Berlin (in E Germ) divided into four parts

Stalin promises free elections in E Germ, but does not follow through beginning the war

Western countries join NATO and Soviet Bloc joins WARSAW PACT: defend eachother

US agrees not to invade Cuba, removes missiles from Turkey
Soviets withdraw missiles from Cuba, but says that US must let Cuba be Communist so Castro gets security