Prehistòria (200.000 BCE - 3.000 BCE)

Comencen al 300.000 BCE.
Data final?

Des de fa 1,9 Ma.
Data final?

300.000 BCE?

Fi a 50.000 BCE?

Restes de fa 700.000 anys, H. erectus a Java fa 1 Ma. Efecte fundador i enanisme insular: https://www.nature.com/articles/534188a

l'any 2010 es trobaren les restes d'un espècimen d'homínid de Deníssova a la cova de Deníssova, al massís de l'Altai (Sibèria). Les restes són una dent i un tros de dit, d'uns 41.000 anys d'antiguitat

A Gibraltar.

The first humans in the Americas came from East Asia, but when they began to arrive is hotly debated. Some researchers think that it could have been as early as 130,000 years ago, although most of the archaeological evidence supporting this theory is disputed. For instance, some of the stone artefacts are so simple that sceptics say they were probably produced by natural geological processes rather than by people. The mainstream view is that the peopling of the Americas began about 15,000 or 16,000 years ago — based on genetic evidence and artefacts found at sites including the 14,000-year-old Monte Verde II in Chile.
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02190-y

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00264-0

Jaubert, J., Verheyden, S., Genty, D., Soulier, M., Cheng, H., Blamart, D., … Santos, F. (2016). Early Neanderthal constructions deep in Bruniquel Cave in southwestern France. Nature, 534(7605), 111–114. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature18291

Uns 20.000 anys abans de que arribesin els Homo sapiens a la peninsula Iberica. Les pintures més antigues, datades com a mínim amb 64.000 anys d'antiguitat.

Neandertal cave art
It has been suggested that Neandertals, as well as modern humans, may have painted caves. Hoffmann et al. used uranium-thorium dating of carbonate crusts to show that cave paintings from three different sites in Spain must be older than 64,000 years. These paintings are the oldest dated cave paintings in the world. Importantly, they predate the arrival of modern humans in Europe by at least 20,000 years, which suggests that they must be of Neandertal origin. The cave art comprises mainly red and black paintings and includes representations of various animals, linear signs, geometric shapes, hand stencils, and handprints. Thus, Neandertals possessed a much richer symbolic behavior than previously assumed.

Science, this issue p. 912

Science 23 Feb 2018:
Vol. 359, Issue 6378, pp. 912-915
DOI: 10.1126/science.aap7778

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/359/6378/912

https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_de_Willendorf

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Venus_von_Willendorf_01.jpg/159px-Venus_von_Willendorf_01.jpg

Jaciment de Tell Abu Hureyra (Síria)

jaciment de Zawi Chemi Shanidar (Iraq)

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nm_Chairkina/publication/267812932/figure/fig3/AS:540660097667072@1505914820068/Big-Shigir-Idol-Collection-of-the-Sverdlovsk-Regional-Museum-of-Local-Studies-8985-1.png

El poblat protoneolític de Jericó s'ha datat pel mètode: 14C en el 9551 aC (altres exemples els trobem a Eynan (Israel), Zawi Chemi Shanidar (Iraq) i Tepe Asiab (Iran).

"Primers temples"

Tenia 2000 habitants. Així mateix es poden citar d'altres com Çatal Hüyük i Haçilar (Anatòlia), Kalat Jarmo (Kurdistan), Hassuna i Samarra a Iraq, Ras Shamra i Tell Halaf (Síria).

Comerç. El millor exemple el troben en els jaciments de Al Beidha (Jordània) i Ba'ja, on s'ha excavat un autèntic basar datat al VII mil·lenni aC.

Al jaciment de Kalat Jarmo (Kurdistan), així com les trobades a Tepe Guram i Tepe Serdam (Iraq), datades en el 6500 aC.

https://theconversation.com/una-mosca-de-la-fruta-de-hace-6-000-anos-regalo-al-mundo-los-quesos-y-yogures-modernos-128805

al Proxim orinet

Ocupat per l'Homo neanderthalensis.

de fusta de teix (Taxus baccata). Al jaciment de la Draga.

http://www.mac.cat/Premsa/Actualitat/Es-troba-al-jaciment-de-la-Draga-Banyoles-l-arc-neolitic-mes-antic-d-Europa

Neolític antic

Data? Edat del bronze.

http://www.rupestre.net/tracce/?p=174

Andes

Preparació de plat?