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Historical Timeline of Ancient Israel - Judges to Nehemiah
Drew Morash
Drew Morash
Periods
Hauer, Christian E., and William A. Young. An Introduction to the Bible: A Journey Into Three Worlds. Boston: Pearson Education Inc., 2012.
Satterthwaite, Philip E., and J. Gordon McConville. Exploring the Old Testament: A Guide to the Historical Books. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2007.
Judges and Tribal Leagues
1200 BCE - 1020 BCE
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Unified Kingdom
1020 BC - 922 BC
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Neo-Assyrian Empire
934 BC - 610 BC
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Divided Kingdom
922 BC - 721 BC
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The Judean Kingdom
721 BC - 587 BC
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Neo-Babylonian Period
610 BC - 539 BC
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Babylonian Exile
587 BC - 539 BC
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The Persian Period
539 BC - 333 BC
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Monarchs
Harrison, R.K. Old Testament Times. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans , 1970.
Rule of the Judges
1200 BC - 1050 BC
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Othniel (40 years)
Judges 3:7-11
Ehud (80 years)
3:12-30
Shamgar (not stated)
3:31
Deborah and Barak (40 years)
4:1-5:31
Gideon (40 years)
5:11-8:29
Abimelech (3 years)
ch.9
Tola (23 years)
10:1-2
Jair (22 years)
10:3-5
Jephthah (6 years)
11:1-12:7
Ibzan (7 years)
12:8-10
Elon (10 years)
12:11-12
Abdon (8 years)
12:13-15
Samson (20 years)
13-16
Saul
1050 BC - 1011 BC
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David
1011 BC - 971 BC
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Solomon
971 BC - 931 BC
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Jeroboam I
931 BC - 910 BC
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Rehoboam
931 BC - 913 BC
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Abijah
913 BC - 911 BC
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Asa
911 BC - 870 BC
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Nadab
910 BC - 909 BC
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Baasha
909 BC - 886 BC
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Elah
886 BC - 885 BC
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Omri
885 BC - 874 BC
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Zimri
885 BC - 885 BC
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Zimri ruled for 7 Days
Ahab
874 BC - 853 BC
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Jehoshaphat
870 BC - 848 BC
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Ahaziah
853 BC - 852 BC
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Jehoram (Joram)
852 BC - 841 BC
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Jehoram
848 BC - 841 BC
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Ahaziah
841 BC - 841 BC
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Athaliah
841 BC - 835 BC
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Jehu
841 BC - 814 BC
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Jehoash
835 BC - 796 BC
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Jehoahaz
814 BC - 798 BC
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Jehoash
798 BC - 782 BC
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Amaziah
796 BC - 767 BC
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Jeroboam II
782 Bc - 753 BC
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Azariah (Uzziah)
767 BC - 740 BC
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Zachariah
753 BC - 752 BC
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Menahem
752 BC - 742 Bc
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Shallum
752 BC - 752 BC
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Pekahiah
742 BC - 740 BC
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Jotham
740 BC - 732 BC
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Pekah
740 BC - 732 BC
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Hoshea
732 BC - 722 BC
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Jehoahaz I
732 BC - 716 BC
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Shalmaneser V (Assyria)
727 BC - 722 BC
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Sargon II (Assyria)
722 BC - 705 BC
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Hezekiah
716 BC - 687 BC
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Sennacherib of Assyria records an exchange with Hezekiah, the Jew:
"As to Hezekiah, the Jew, he did not submit to my yoke, I laid siege to 46 of his strong cities, walled forts and to the countless small villages in his vicinity, and conquered (them)... Himself I made a prisoner in Jerusalem, his royal residence, like a bird in a cage (288)."
Pritchard, James B., ed. Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament. Third Edition with Supplement. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969.
Manasseh
687 BC - 642 BC
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Amon
642 BC - 640 BC
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Josiah
640 Bc - 609 BC
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Jehoahaz II
609 BC - 609 BC
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Jehoiakim
609 BC - 597 BC
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Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon)
605 BC - 562 BC
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Jehoiachin
597 BC - 597 BC
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Zedekiah
597 BC - 587 BC
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Gedaliah
586 Bc - 582 BC
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Events
Merneptah Stele
1220 BC
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Oldest known external reference of Israelites in Western Palestine. Erected by Amenhotep III, inscribed by Meneptah in the fifth year of his reign. Marks the beginning of the Tribal League period.
"Israel is desolated, her seed is not... Everyone that is turbulent is bound by king Meneptah."
Harrison, R.K. Old Testament Times. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans , 1970.
Death of Joshua
1200 BC
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Joshua 24:29
King Solomon Builds the Temple
967 BC
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1 Kings 6
Israel is Divided
931 BC
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1 Kings 12
Israel is divided into Israel (the Northern Kingdom with the capital city of Samaria), and Judah (the Southern Kingdom with the capital city of Jerusalem).
Black Obelisk
841 BC
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King Shalmaneser (Assyria) mentions king Jehu of Israel. Represents an external reference to the N. Kingdom
Satterthwaite, Philip E., and J. Gordon McConville. Exploring the Old Testament: A Guide to the Historical Books. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2007.
The Fall of Samaria (And the N. Kingdom)
722 BC
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Samaria falls to King Sargon II of Assyria
"At the begi[nning of my royal rule, I... the town of the sama]rians [I besieged, concquered]... [for the god... who le]t me achieve (this) my triumph... I led away prisoners [27,290 inhabitants of it (and) [equipped] from among [them (soldiers to man)] 50 chariots for my royal corps" (284).
Pritchard, James B., ed. Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament. Third Edition with Supplement. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969.
Prism of Sennacherib
686 BC
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Recovered from Nineveh, this stele "records events in the reign of the Assyrian monarch Sennacherib" as he concquered surrounding states.
Page 235. Harrison, R.K. Old Testament Times. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans , 1970.
Fall of Assyria to Babylon
610 BC
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The Fall of Jerusalem (And the S. Kingdom)
587 BC
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Jerusalem falls to King Sennacherib of Babylon
YHWH's Temple Destroyed
587 BC
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2 Kings 25:9
Earliest Plausible Writing of the Deut. History
560 BC
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Final recorded event in 2 Kings 25:27-30.
Page 11. Satterthwaite, Philip E., and J. Gordon McConville. Exploring the Old Testament: A Guide to the Historical Books. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2007.
Fall of Babylon to Persia
539 BC
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Nehemiah Begins Rebuilding Jerusalem's Wall
444 BC
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Nehemiah 2:1-8
Fall of Persia to Greece
330 BC
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