Early Church 1 AD -750 AD

Centuries

1st C.

100

2nd C.

200

3rd C.

300

4th C.

400

5th C.

500

Councils and Synods

Jerusalem 50

50 AD

Acts 15

Antioch 268

268

condemned Paul of Samosata

1st Arles 314

314

condemned Donatists

Antioch 325

325

Nicaea 325

325

May 20, 325

Alexandria 362

362

presided over by Athanasius; condemned those who denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit, the human soul of God, and God's divinity

1st Constantinople 381

381

Ephesus 431

431

condemned Nestorianism, affirmed Theotokos, repudiated Pelagianism

Chalcedon 451

451

repudiated Eutychian monophysitism, deposed Dioscorus

2nd Constantinople 553

553

repudiated the Three Chapters as Nestorian, condemned Origen of Alexandria, decreed Theopaschite Formula

3rd Constantinople 680-681

680

repudiated Monothelitism and Monoenergism

2nd Nicaea 787

787

restored veneration of icons, repudiated iconoclasm

Creeds

Antioch 268

268

Nicene 325

325

Old Roman Creed ca. 340

340

First written evidence possibly in Tert.

Niceno-Constantinopolitan 381

381

Definition of Chalcedon 451

451

Oct. 8 - Nov. 10, 451

Apostle's Creed ca. 700

700

Apostolic Fathers

Clement of Rome

1 AD - 96 AD

Ignatius of Antioch

35 AD - 115 AD

Polycarp of Smyrna

69 AD - 155 AD

Justin Martyr

103 - 165

Greek Fathers

Irenaeus of Lyons

100 - 200

Athenagoras of Athens

133 - 190

Clement of Alexandria

150 - 216

Melito of Sardis d.180

180

1st Chr. list of OT canon

Origen of Alexandria

185 - 254

Alexander of Alexandria

250 - 326

bishop 313-328

Antony the monk

250 - 356

Eusebius of Caesarea

263 - 339

Athanasius of Alexandria

293 AD - 373 AD

Cyril of Jerusalem

313 - 386

Didymus the Blind

313 - 398

Basil of Caesarea

329 - 379

Diodore of Tarsus

330 - 390

Gregory of Nazianzus

330 - 390

ca. 330 - 390

Gregory of Nyssa

335 - 390

ca.335/340-ca.390

Amphilochius of Iconium

339 - 403

ca. 339/340 - 394/403

Evagrius Ponticus

345 - 399

monk and theologian

John Chrysostom

347 - 407

Theodore of Mopsuestia

350 - 428

Cyril of Alexandria

378 AD - 444 AD

Theodoret

393 - 460

Sophronius

560 - 638

Orthodox, against Sergius

Maximus the Confessor

580 - 662

Patriarch Sergius I

610 - 638

Promoted Monothelitism, Patriarch 610-638

John of Damascus

676 - 749

Latin Fathers

Tertullian

160 - 220

fl.197-220

Hippolytus of Rome

170 - 235

Cyprian of Carthage

200 - 259

Pope Damasus

304 - 384

Pope 366-384

Hilary of Poitiers

310 - 368

Ambrose of Milan

338 - 397

Jerome of Stridonium

347 AD - 420 AD

Augustine of Hippo

354 - 430

Pope Leo the Great

391 - 461

Pope 440-461

Pope Gregory the Great

540 - 604

Pope 590-604

Writings and Canon

Didache 100

100

Marcion's canon ca. 144

144

removed most of OT and much of NT

Shepherd of Hermas ca. mid 2nd C.

150

Mid 2nd Century

Diatesseron ca. 160-175

160

combined all 4 gospels into one narrative

Muratorian Canon ca. 170

170

included most books (also some apocryphal) but not all

NT Canon by Origen ca. 210

210

Athanasius' Easter letter 367

367

1st full list of NT canon as it currently stands

Other

Constantine

288 - 337

summoned Nicaea, issued Edict of Milan

Edict of Milan 313

313

Theodosius

346 - 395

called Council of Constantinople

Marcian

390 - 457

summoned Council of Chalcedon

Heretics

Noetus of Smyrna

180 - 200

first to formally state the monarchian position; end of 2nd C.

Theodotus

190

dynamic monarchianism

Paul of Samosata

200 - 275

Bishop 260-269; monarchial (believed Jesus was born a man and later was infused with the divine logos

Mani

216 - 274

dualism

Sabellius fl. ca.217-ca.220

217 - 220

Sabellianism (modalism)

Arius

256 - 336

Arianism - denied Son's divinity

Eustathius of Sebaste

300 - 377

leader of Pneumatomachians

Apollinaris of Laodicea

310 - 390

took Alex. too far so that he denied full humanity

Pelagius

360 - 418

emphasized free will without original sin

Eutyches

378 - 454

Christ possessed only one nature after the union

Nestorius

386 - 451

emphasized Antiochene too far so that he had two distinct persons rather than one Jesus