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John Wilkes Booth at about 10:13 pm, aimed at the back of Lincoln's head and fired at point-blank range, mortally wounding the President.

SC Troops fire on the fort. After 36 hours of bombardment, the Union troops surrender the fort. First battle of the Civil War is a Confederate Victory.

Principal Commanders: Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell [US]; Brig. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston and Brig. Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard [CS]

Forces Engaged: 60,680 total (US 28,450; CS 32,230)
Principal Commanders: Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell [US]; Brig. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston and Brig. Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard [CS]
Forces Engaged: 60,680 total (US 28,450; CS 32,230)
Estimated Casualties: 4,700 total (US 2,950; CS 1,750)
Description: This was the first major land battle of the armies in Virginia. On July 16, 1861, the untried Union army marched from Washington against the Confederate army, which was drawn up behind Bull Run beyond Centreville. On the 21st, fighting raged throughout the day as Confederate forces were driven back to Henry Hill. Late in the afternoon, Confederate reinforcements (one brigade arriving by rail from the Shenandoah Valley) extended and broke the Union right flank. The Federal retreat rapidly deteriorated into a rout. Confederate Gen. Thomas J. Jackson earned the name “Stonewall.” By July 22, the shattered Union army reached the safety of Washington. This battle convinced the Lincoln administration that the war would be a long and costly affair.
Fighting raged throughout the day as Confederate forces were driven back to Henry Hill. Late in the afternoon, Confederate reinforcements (one brigade arriving by rail from the Shenandoah Valley) extended and broke the Union right flank. The Federal retreat rapidly deteriorated into a rout. Although victorious, Confederate forces were too disorganized to pursue. Confederate Gen. Bee and Col. Bartow were killed. Thomas J. Jackson earned the nom de guerre “Stonewall.” By July 22, the shattered Union army reached the safety of Washington. This battle convinced the Lincoln administration that the war would be a long and costly affair. McDowell was relieved of command of the Union army and replaced by Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, who set about reorganizing and training the troops.

Union Army of the Tennessee under Major-General Ulysses S. Grant and Union Army of the Ohio under Brigadier-General Don Carlos Buell with 62,000 soldiers against Confederate Army of Mississippi under General Albert Sidney Johnston totaling 44,000 soldiers.
April 6-7, 1862
The Rebels finished the first day with a hard-fought success, Confederate General Johnston was killed. Union reinforcements over-night led to more fierce fighting on the second day during which the Confederates were forced to retreat to Corinth, MS. Shiloh casualties were unusually high, changing the way American's viewed the war. The Union had 13,047 wounded, missing, taken prisoner or dead, while Confederate casualties totaled 10,699 - almost 1/4 of all their troops.
The Battle of Shiloh is named after a small church in the area called Shiloh Church. Shiloh means peace. The battlefield is about 90 minutes East of Memphis on the Tennessee River.