1600's - 1800's European History

England

Long Parliament

November 3 1640 - March 16 1660

English Civil War

1642 - 1651

Charles I executed

January 30, 1649

Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector

December 1653 - September 1658

Oliver Cromwell dies

September 3 1658

Isaac Newton’s “Principia”

1686

Glorious Revolution

1688

Locke’s “2nd Treatise of Government”

1689

Act of Union with Scotland

1706 - 1707

Seven Years War

1756 - 1763

William Pitt the Elder becomes Prime Minister

1756 - 1768

1756–61/1766–68

Treaty of Paris

February 10 1763

ends 7 years' war

American Revolution

1765 - 1783

war

William Pitt the Younger becomes Prime Minister

1783 - 1806

1783-1801/1804-1806

Malthus’ ideas on population

1798

Act of Union with Ireland

1800

Enclosure Acts

1801

In 1801, Parliament passed a General Enclosure Act, which enabled any village, where three-quarters of the landowners agreed, to enclose its land.

Luddites protest against new machines

1811 - 1817

Poor Law of 1834

1815

Ricardo’s Iron Law of Wages

1817

Reform Bills of 1832/1867/1884

1832 - 1884

Queen Victoria Coronation/Abdication

1837

Chartists

1838 - 1850

Irish Potato Famine

1844 - 1846

Corn Laws Passed

1846

Corn Laws Repealed

1846

Marx and Engels “The Communist Manifesto”

1848

Darwin’s “Origin of Species”

1859

Jeremy Bentham’s ideas about Utilitarianism

1861

Gladstone becomes Prime Minister

1868

Kipling Writes “White Man’s Burden”

1899

France

Descarte’s “Discourse on Method”

1637

Louis XIV’s (Sun King) reign begins

May 14 1643

The Fronde

1648 - 1653

Versailles is constructed

1661 - 1715

The Palace of Versailles was built in 1624, by Louis XIII, originally as a hunting lodge but 1661 marked the date when the lodge would be constructed into the Palace of Versailles.

Jean Baptiste Colbert made French Minister of Finance

1665

Montesquieu’s “Spirit of the Laws”

1748

Diderot’s “Encyclopedia”

1751 - 1777

Voltaire’s “Candide”

1759

a relentless, brutal assault on government, society, religion, education, and, above all, optimism.

Rousseau’s “Emile”

1762

French Classism

1775 - 1825

French Revolution

1787 - 1799

Abbe Sieyes “What is the 3rd Estate?”

January 1789

Tennis Court Oath

June 20, 1789

Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen

August 1789

Civil Constitution of the Clergy

July 12, 1790

Declaration of Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen

1791

King Louis XVI executed

January 21, 1793

Committee of Public Safety is established

April 6, 1793

Marie Antoinette executed

October 6, 1793

Robespierre is executed

July 28, 1794

The Directory

1795 - 1799

Louis Napoleon elected President

1799

Louis Napoleon -> Napoleon III as Emperor

1799 - 1848

Early Utopian ideas emerge: Charles Fourier, Louis Blanc

1800

early 1800s

Napoleonic Wars

1803 - 1815

Code Napoleon established

1804

Continental System

1806 - 1814

Louis XVIII Coronation

1814

Charles X Coronation/Abdication

1824

Louis Phillip Coronation/Abdication

1830

Revolution of 1830 in France

1830

The Bloody June Days

1848

Napoleon Bonaparte’s coup d’état

1851

Baron Haussmann remodels Paris

1853 - 1870

Impressionist Movement

1870

Third Republic of France

1870

Paris Commune resists Prussia

1871

Pasteur’s Germ Theory

1877

Post-Impressionism

1880

Boulanger Affair

1886

Dreyfus Affair

1895

Emile Zola’s “J’ Accuse”

1898

Holy Roman Empire -> Confederation of the Rhine -> Germany

Golden Age of the Dutch Republic

1588 - 1702

Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion

1609 - 1619

Thirty Years' War

1618 - 1648

last of religious wars

Peace of Westphalia

May 1648 - October 1648

Ends the 30 years' War

Hanoverian Dynasty begins

1714

Maria Theresa’s rule

1740 - 1765

She was the only woman ruler in the 650 history of the Habsburg dynasty.

War of Austrian Succession

1740 - 1748

Joseph II’s rule

1765 - 1790

Declaration of Pillnitz

August 27, 1791

Confederation of the Rhine created

1806 - 1813

Burschenscraften formed

1817 - 1819

Carlsbad Decrees

September 20, 1819

Friedrich List’s Economic Nationalism

1844

Frankfurt Assembly

1848

Bismarck’s “Iron and Blood” speech

1862

Danish War

1864

Austro-Prussian War

1866

Franco-Prussian War

1870

Bismarck made Chancellor of Germany

1871

Bismarck’s Kulturkampf

1871

German Unification Complete

1871

William I Crowned German Emperor (Kaiser)

1871

Congress of Berlin

1878

Italian States -> Italy

Galileo put on trial

1633

Mazzini advocates for Italian Unification

1831

Cavour begins Unification in Italy

1852

Garibaldi gives land to Cavour to unite Italy

1860

Garibaldi gives S Italy to Cavour to join with the N lands

Victor Emmanuel crowned king of Italy

1861

Italian Unification Complete

1870

Russia

Peter the Great’s Rule begins

1696

Northern Wars

1700 - 1721

St. Petersburg is constructed

May 27,1703

Catherine the Great begins her rule

1762

Pugachev’s Rebellion

1773 - 1775

Decembrist Revolt

1825

Crimean War

1853 - 1856

Alexander II frees serfs in Russia

1861

Alexander II assassinated

1881

General Europe Changes

Baroque Art movement

1600 - 1700

mainly in Great Britain and France

King Gustavus Adolphus dies

November 6, 1632

Rembrandt paints “Night Watch”

1642

Vermeer paints “The Astronomer”

1668

War of Spanish Succession

1701 - 1714

involving Spain, Great Britain, & France

Treaty of Utrecht

1713

ended the War of Spanish Succession

Kay’s flying shuttle invented

1733

Frederick the Great’s rule of Prussia

1740 - 1786

Prussia

Watt’s steam engine invented

1763

Hargreaves Spinning Jenny invented

1764

Arkwright’s water frame invented

1769

Each of the 3 partitions of Poland

1772 - 1795

1772, 1793, 1795

Adam Smith’s “The Wealth of Nations”

March 9 1776

Cartwright’s power loom invented

1785

Romanticism

1800 - 1850

Congress of Vienna

September 1814 - June 1815

England, France, and HRE

Greek Independence of 1832

1832

Zollverein Formed

1834

Prussia

Revolutions of 1848: France, Germany, Austria, and Italy

1848

*German States

Literary and Artistic Realism

1850 - 1905

to early 1900s

Augsleich (Compromise of 1867)

1867