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Use Cases
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Resources
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Pricing
8000 BCE - 500 BCE
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Rise of India, China, Israel, Mesopotamia, Persia, Greece, Indus River Valley etc., technological and environmental transformations
500 BCE - 500 CE
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Spread of Religion, Law, and Trade on Silk Road
500 CE - 1492
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Golden Age of East, Dark Ages of Europe, regional/transregional interactions
1492 - 1750
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Globe becomes interconnected (Columbus, slavery etc.)
1750 - 1914
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Industrialization and Global integration, "Modern Era"
1914 - Present
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WW1 to modern day, "The Modern World", accelerating global change and realignments
8000 BCE - 3000 BCE
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Pastoralism and agriculture are introduced, domestication of animals, surplus (therefore social stratification etc.). irrigation, mining etc. Villages and eventually cities. AKA "Agricultural Revolution"
3500 BCE - 1200 BCE
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As metallurgy spread, bronze became top used metal (copper + tin), ended with introduction of iron
1200 BCE - 550 BCE
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499 BCE - 449 BCE
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Greek city-states vs. Persians
431 BCE - 401 BCE
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Athens vs. Sparta
264 BCE - 146
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Carthage (N. Africa) vs. Rome
130 BCE - 1453
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200
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china, major innovation
313
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Constantine legalizes Christianity
1071
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1096 - 1270
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1215
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1347 - 1352
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Black Death
1350 - 1600
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started in Italy
2370 BCE - 2315 BCE
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Akkadian ruler
1792 BCE - 1750 BCE
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wrote first law code's in cuneiform (Sumerian), Babylonian king
1479 BCE - 1458 BCE
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Women pharaoh during New Kingdom
1304 BCE - 1237 BCE
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Egyptian pharaoh during New Kingdom
634 BCE - 562 BCE
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reestablished Babylon, exiled Jews from Jerusalem
604 BCE - 531 BCE
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founder daoism
563 BCE - 483 BCE
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Buddha
551 BCE - 479 BCE
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AKA Kong Fuzi
470 BCE - 399 BCE
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356 BCE - 323 BCE
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269 BCE - 231 BCE
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Mauryan empire, converted to Buddhism
156 BCE - 87 BCE
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fierce Han warrior emperor
4 BCE - 29 CE
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239 - 272
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Sassanid ruler
272 - 337
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legalized, then adopted Christianity in Byzantine
527 - 565
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570 - 632
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624 - 705
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female Tang empress
748 - 814
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Frankish king, Carolingian empire, Otto I formed the Holy Roman Empire
1162 - 1227
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1215 - 1294
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1280 - 1337
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1280 - 1326
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1336 - 1405
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1412 - 1431
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1530 - 1584
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3500 BCE - 2350 BCE
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first true civilization, Mesopotamia ("b/w the rivers"), developed cuneiform (first writing), polytheistic (temples = ziggurats)
2575 BCE - 2134 BCE
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Egypt, built on Nile, declined through civil war. Developed hieroglyphics (wrote on papyrus)
2334 BCE - 2193 BCE
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founded by Sargon, took over Sumer
2040 BCE - 1640 BCE
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Reunited Egypt, more culturally dynamic, defeated by Hyksos (armed with chariots, bows)
2000 BCE - present
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developed Judaism, settled Israel
1900 BCE - 1600 BCE
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Mesopotamia, overtook Akkadians
1550 BCE - 300 BCE
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maritime, Lebanon, developed alphabet
1532 BCE - 1070 BCE
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Rebelled against Hyksos, reestablished Egyptian rule. Conquered vast areas including Nubian areas. Fell due to internal struggles and external invasions
1300 BCE - 1200 BCE
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Mesopotamia, good with iron, chariots, overtook Babylonians
911 BCE - 612 BCE
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Mesopotamia, conquered using force
550 BCE - 330 BCE
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Persia, rulers--> Cyrus then Darius, "Royal Road", 23 satrapies/provinces, fell through Persian wars vs. Greeks, Alexander, conquered Lydians (invented coinage) etc.
323 BCE - 83 BCE
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after Alexander conquered Persia, split his empire into three this was one
247 BCE - 224 CE
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persian dynasty, took over selucid (alexander), mixed persian and greek culture
224 - 651
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Persia, toppled Parthians
656 - 661
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661 - 750
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Islam
750 - 1250
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751
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Abbasid vs. Tang
1299 - 1923
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1501 - 1736
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1526 - 1857
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1765 - 1783
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1400 BCE - 400 BCE
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Mesoamerica and Mexico, can be compared to Sumer (both "mother nations" in region, script undeciphered, DID NOT rely on water source like other civilizations, (large stone heads) art represents culture and religion etc., polytheistic, human sacrafice
1000 BCE - 300 BCE
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Mysterious but very popular South American civilization, Andean, record keeping called quipu using knots, no script, no major river, llama, modern Peru, elaborate textiles
100 BCE - 750 CE
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city-state near modern Mexico city, population of 200,000 , oligarchy, agriculture (chinampas/"floating islands" intensive farming, fell b/c of revolts
200 - 700
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present day Peru, south, Andes mountains, used quipu, lived in clans called ayllu, used mita system (compelled by warrior priests, kind of like serfdom), nice textiles and ceramics
250 - 900
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mesoamerican, comprised of about 40 city-states, Chichen Itza, polytheistic etc. advanced writing for time/place, zero, calendar (2012), unknown why they fell
1492
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1910 - 1920
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1959
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2000 BCE - 1500 BCE
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Island of Crete, influenced Greeks, worshiped bull,
1150 BCE - 800 BCE
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800 BCE - 500 BCE
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509 BCE - 27 BCE
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civil war conflict etc. caused it to fall apart, politics (consuls, republic) faltered
500 BCE - 323 BCE
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ends with Alexander
323 BCE - 146 BCE
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27 BCE - 476
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Augustus led as monarch after Caesar assassinated., senate still there but emperor more powerful. Pax Romana (golden age till 200's. Fell due to epidemic, bad emperors, etc. split into two (Byzantine and Western), rome (West) sacked in 476
330 - 1453
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Eastern Roman Empire,
718 - 1482
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962 - 1806
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Otto I, caesaropapism, after Charlemagne
1054
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split of Christianity
1066
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1215
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1240 - 1502
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1337 - 1453
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England Vs. France
1618 - 1648
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1600 BCE - 1046 BCE
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followed Xia (if they existed), China, along Huang He/Yellow River and Yangzi, used chariots (cultural diffusion), traded extensively, silk monopoly, pictographs as writing form, ancestor veneration,
1046 BCE - 221 BCE
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Rebelled against Shang, ruled through feudalism, crumbled internally leading to "Warring States" period, preserved Shang culture, iron, bureaucracy, Mandate of Heaven
480 BCE - 221 BCE
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China, civil strife during Zhou
221 BCE - 206 BCE
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unified north and south China for first time (no more feudal of warring states), favored Legalism under founder Shi Huangdi, harsh, Great Wall of China, fell b/c of peasant revolts
206 BCE - 220 CE
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built on Qin, expanded China (tributary system), repelled nomads -- Xiongnu -- with superior tech (crossbow, cavalry), Confucianism, collapsed due to internal and external (disease, nomads etc.) causes
589 - 618
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reunified China (after Han), Yang Jian claimed Mandate of Heaven, great construction efforts (The Grand Canal)
618 - 907
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followed the Sui, made china powerful, , still centralized, equal-feild system redistributed land, bureaucracy based on merit
960 - 1279
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after Tang, not such a strong dynasty even though it was long, civil service exams at peak (started with Han), fell to Mongols b/c of military and financial problems
1279 - 1368
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Mongol rule in china
1368 - 1644
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1644 - 1912
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1851 - 1864
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1899
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1937 - 1938
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2600 BCE - 1900 BCE
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In modern day Pakistan, major cities of Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa, river flooded regularly, written language not deciphered, traded with Mesopotamia, how it ended is unclear
1500 BCE - 700 BCE
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Indo-European (migrating pastoralists) group, invaded modern India around 1500 BCE
322 BCE - 185 BCE
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South Asia, Ashoka (grandson of Chandragupta Maurya) converted to Buddhism, capital - Pataliputra, pillars of Ashoka, fell from external forces
320 - 550
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first ruler Chandra Gupta, imitated Mauryan, decimal system, zero, pi etc. developed. sati, 25 % tax, Hindu, fell by hands of White Huns
1206 - 1520
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1857
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3000 BCE - 1500 BCE
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South of Egypt, along Nile, important tradewise
1500 BCE - 1000
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migrating pastoralists, migrated down Niger River, spread throughout sub-Saharan Africa, influential linguistically
400 - 1200
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West Africa
1230 - 1600
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West Africa
1899 - 1902
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645
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1603 - 1868
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