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Guatemala and the United Fruit Company
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Guatemalan Government
United Fruit Co. Hired to Run Post Office
1901
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United Fruit Company is hired by the Guatemalan government to run its national Post Office.
99 year Railroad License
1904
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United Fruit Company is granted a 99 year unlimited license to build railroads in Guatemala and cultivate lands along tracks.
General Jorge Ubico begins reign
1931
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General Jorge Ubico took power. Still known as one of the most ruthless rulers in Central America.
Ubico Resigns
1944
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Amid protest and revolution General Jorge Ubico resigns from office.
Los Diez Anos de la Primavera
1945 - 1955
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The "ten years of spring" began when university professor Juan Jose Arevalo took office.
Worker Protection Code
1947
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Arevalo signs the worker protection code that gave worker rights to the citizens of Guatemala
Elections
1950
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Elections were held this year. Arevalo became the first Guatemalan president to finish a term.
Jacobo Arbenz
1951
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Jacobo Arbenz became the first democratically elected president of a Central American country.
Decree 900
1952
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Arbenz nationalizes a quarter of a million acres of United Fruit land to be redistributed among citizens. This was viwed as an act of communism.
CIA Authorization
1953
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President Eisenhower authorizes the CIA to oust the Arbenz government.
Arbenz Resigns
1954
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After a brief battle Arbenz is forced to resign.
United Fruit Press Campaign
Press Campaign begins
April 1951
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The United Fruit Company beings a propaganda campaign in the U.S. against the Guatemalan government ran by Jacobo Arbenz
First "Fact Finding" Trip
January 1952
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The United Fruit Company brings various US newspapers and magazines on a "fact finding" trip see the conditions of workers and so called communist doings of the Guatemalan government.
"Report on Guatemala - 1952"
June 1952
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John Clements being to circulate his infamous report on the Guatemalan government. The reports makes numerous claims of communist acts and ties by the government and is circulated through agencies like the CIA and through congress.
"Red Agents" Story
1953
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Edward Bernays plants a story with an editor of the New York Times about a school in Prague where Latins were being trained to be Red Agents
Braden Speech at Dartmouth
March 1953
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Spruille Braden made a speech at Dartmouth College criticizing President Eisenhower for failing to intervene in Guatemala to stop a "Communist takeover".