Dates: 1865 - 1889
Duration: 24 years
Notes:
13th Amendment outlaws slavery, 1865
Thomas Alva Edison
Between a Rock and a Hard Place: A History of American Sweatshops, 1820-Present
Communities in a Changing Nation: The Promise of 19th-Century America
Dates: 1890 - 1913
Duration: 23 years
Notes:
Wright Brothers fly the first successful airplane, December 17, 1903
Theodore Roosevelt, Icon of the American Century
“Make the Dirt Fly” Building the Panama Canal
Dates: 1905 - 1915
Duration: 10 years
Notes:
According to http://www.migrationinformation.org/DataHub/charts/historic.1.shtml in the trend in US immigration tips over the 1 miillion per year mark in 1905 and continues with at least 750,000 individuals coming to the country for the next ten years.
Dates: 1917 - 1918
Duration: 1 year
Notes:
Preoccupation with World War 1 eroded and distracted education reform efforts. Many recruits being ill prepared physically for war lead to the adoption of Physical Education as part of the school curriculum (Lundt and Wiles, 2004, p. 22).
Dates: 1929 - 1939
Duration: 10 years
Notes:
“Bang! went the doors of every bank in America”
The National Recovery Administration
Frances Perkins: New Deal Stateswoman and Labor Reformer
New Deal and the Arts Oral History Interviews
Dates: 1941 - 1945
Duration: 4 years
Notes:
G.I. World War II
Produce for Victory, Posters on the American Home Front (1941-45)
V-Mail, “Victory” Mail from World War II
The Enola Gay drops atomic bomb, Aug. 6, 1945
Dates: 1945 - 1991
Duration: 46 years
Notes:
Spotlight: Biography: Korean War, 1950-1953
Space Race
Fast Attacks and Boomers: Submarines in the Cold War
Rebels: Painters and Poets of the 1950s
Separate is Not Equal: Brown v. Board of Education,
May 17, 1954
Whatever Happened to Polio?
The Presidency and the Cold War
Dates: 1945
Duration: Instant
Notes:
1945-Present
Dates: 1960 - 1975
Duration: 15 years
Dates: 1960 - 1970
Duration: 10 years
Notes:
Woolworth’s Sit-in, Greensboro, NC, February 1, 1960
Apollo 11 Moon landing on July 20, 1969
A Visual Journey: Photographs by Lisa Law, 1965-1971
Dates: 1970 - 1980
Duration: 10 years
Notes:
Photographing History: Fred J. Maroon and the Nixon Years, 1970-1974
Energy Crises of the 1970’s
Dates: 1980 - 2000
Duration: 20 years
Notes:
Vietnam Veterans Memorial Dedicated November 13, 1982
Deregulation of Electrical Power: Powering a Generation of Change
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is signed into law, 1990
Dates: 2000
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Vote: The Machinery of Democracy
September 11: Bearing Witness to History
September 11, 2001: Collecting and Exhibiting a National Tragedy
Dates: 2001
Duration: Instant
Dates: 2003
Duration: Instant
Dates: 2003
Duration: Instant
Dates: 2009
Duration: Instant
Dates: 1805
Duration: Instant
Notes:
society established to educate 500,000 pupils without expense
Dates: 1821
Duration: Instant
Notes:
First tax-supported secondary school
Dates: 1852
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Massachusetts by Horace Mann
Dates: 1862
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Established land for public universities in all states (engineering, military science, and agriculture)
Dates: 1874
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Sets precedent for tax support in secondary schools
Dates: 1883
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Established the first subject matter groupings as an early form of curriculum
Dates: 1892
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Charles Eliot, president of Harvard University, forms the Committee of Ten
Dates: 1892
Duration: Instant
Notes:
First comprehensive study of American education
Dates: 1893
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Longstreet and Shane (1993) “a report issued by the Committee of Ten, in 1893, established college entrance requirements and effectively ended much of the curricular experimentation that had characterized most of the nineteenth century” (p.9).
Dates: 1896
Duration: Instant
Notes:
John Dewey opens the University of Chicago Laboratory School
Dates: 1904
Duration: Instant
Notes:
First comprehensive physiological studies of schoolchildren in New York by G. Stanley Hall
Dates: 1905
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Carnegie units as a measurement of seat time along with the Committee of Ten’s college entrance requirements established the basis for American high school throughout the 20th century and today (Lundt and Wiles, 2004, p. 20).
Carnegie Foundation http://www.carnegiefoundation.org/about-us/foundation-history
Dates: 1905
Duration: Instant
Notes:
First mental measurement scales on intelligence published by Alfred Binet
Dates: 1909
Duration: Instant
Dates: 1916
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Sass, E. (n.d.) “1916 – The American Federation of Teachers (AFT) is founded as is the American Educational Research Association (AERA).”
Sass, E. (n.d.). American History a Hypertext Timeline. Retrieved from: http://www.cloudnet.com/~edrbsass/educationhistorytimeline.html#1900
Dates: 1917
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Sass, E. (n.d.) the Smith-Hughes Act was repealed in 1997.
Dates: 1918
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Gray, R. (2007) “1919: All 48 states in the contiguous United States have enacted laws allowing the use of public funds for transporting school children … Ralph H. Carpenter Body Company was founded in Mitchell, Ind.”
http://stnonline.com/resources/safety/related-articles/1360-the-history-of-school-transportation
Dates: 1918
Duration: Instant
Dates: 1918
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Commission on the Reorganization of Secondary Education publishes The Seven Cardinal Principles
Dates: 1919
Duration: Instant
Dates: 1932 - 1940
Duration: 8 years
Notes:
Eight Year Study
Dates: 1938
Duration: Instant
Notes:
The Educational Policies Commission publishes its four-point objectives for education-The Purpose of Education in American Democracy
Dates: 1938
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Created by the National Education Association (NEA) to study the effects of the Great Depression. It stressed four aims of education: self-realization, human relations, economic efficiency, and civic responsibility (Wiles, 2005, p. 34).
Dates: 1944
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005) “in this document the Educational Policies Commission rejects an ‘academic only’ curriculum and identifies ten imperative needs of youth that must be served by the school curriculum” (p. 34).
Dates: 1946
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Congress passes the G.I. Bill to further the education of veterans
Dates: 1954
Duration: Instant
Notes:
U.S. Supreme Court rules Brown v. Topeka that public schools must racially integrate previously “separate but equal” schools
Dates: 1957
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Russian launches Sputnik satellite, beginning both a space and an education race. According to Wiles (2005) “in response the Congress passed a $1 billion NDEA bill with most emphasis given to science and mathematics” (p.37).
Dates: 1958
Duration: Instant
Notes:
U.S. Congress passes the National Defense Education Act, initiating serious funding of public education
Dates: 1964
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Civil Rights Act passed by Congress
Dates: 1965
Duration: Instant
Notes:
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) passes, bringing “titled” programs to public schools
Dates: 1972
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Title IX amendment to the ESEA outlaws discrimination on the basis of sex
Dates: 1975
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Public Law 94-142 provides federally guaranteed rights for all children with disabilities in public schools
Dates: 1979
Duration: Instant
Notes:
U.S. Department of Education established
Dates: 1982
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005), “in this wide survey of curriculum leaders, ten goals were identified as targets for curriculum development efforts: self-concept, understanding others, basic skills, capacity for continuous learning, responsible member of society, mental and physical health, creativity, informed economic participation, use of accumulated knowledge, and coping with change” (p.39).
Dates: 1982
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005), the Paideia Proposal was “a call for a uniform, required twelve-year curriculum for all schoolchildren. The author, Mortimer Adler, advocates a return to basic schooling with no elective choices expect a second foreign language” (p. 39).
Dates: 1983
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005), A Nation at Risk was “a report by the pro-business Commission of Excellence claiming that public schools are causing decline in AMerican. Traditional education and work skills are advocated” (p.39).
Dates: 1985
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Commercial availability of personal computers in the United States
Dates: 1989
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Carnegie Council report on middle school focusing on a decentralized and general curriculum connected to home and family (WIles, 2005, p. 40).
Dates: 1990
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Meeting of the U.S. President and all governors where five goals where outlined:
(1) All children will start school ready to learn
(2) high school graduation will increase to at least 90 percent
(3) students will demonstrate competence over challenging subject matter
(4) every American will be literate
(5) every school will be free of violence and drugs (Wiles, 2005, p. 40)
Dates: 1990
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Congress passed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA); concept of inclusion
Dates: 1992
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Recommendations by the U.S. Secretary of Labor that proposed schools prepare workers for the world beyond school and suggested a workplace skills serve as framework (Wiles, 2005, p. 41).
Dates: 1995
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Public access to the Internet is established by Congress
Dates: 1875
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005) the Batavia Plan contributed “flexible grading and promotion plans that assisted teachers in bringing slower learners up to grade level so that they could be promoted” (p.32).
Dates: 1896
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005) the Dewey School at the University of Chicago Laboratory School “focused on training students for cooperative and mutually helpful living as preparation for life in a democracy. Focusing on occupations, the curriculum simulated a community and its interdependencies” (p.32)
Dates: 1900
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005) the Baltimore plans influence stemmed from “Featuring a flexible schedule and differentiated grading, this plan for gifted students provided six years of lateral enrichment and then six years of acceleration through subjects” (p.32).
Dates: 1908
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005) the Gary Plan school was “innovative in many ways, this school had four quarters (year round), elementary and secondary school under one roof (educational park), and academic acceleration as early as the fifth grade. The schools were open on Saturdays for community participation” (p.32).
Dates: 1910
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005) the Cambridge Plan was “designed to meet the needs of gifted students, featuring two parallel curriculums. The normal track took eight years but gifted students could complete the same materials in six years” (p.32).
Dates: 1919
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005), Winnetka School “featured a two-part curriculum: (1) basic skills and knowledge and (20) activities for self-expression. Students progressed through a fixed curriculum in their own way without attempts to standardize outcomes” (p. 33).
Dates: 1919
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005) the Dalton Plan influenced education though its "individualized paths through the curriculum provided by jobs. Students would select a job, each divided into twenty units, and “contract” with the teacher. At the end of each month the teacher would check the progress of the students in completing these tasks" (p.32).
Dates: 1920
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005) the Lincoln School “operated as an experimental program at Teachers College that focused on ends such as creativity and insights. Synthesizing the subjects and focus on the utility of knowledge was a goal of this program. Units of work were featured” (p.33).
Dates: 1965
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Summerhill School, according to Wiles (2005) was “an English school run by A. S. Neil, Summerhill is often used as an example to describe existential or highly flexible school environments” (p.33).
Dates: 1970
Duration: Instant
Notes:
John Adams High influenced education according to Wiles (2005) “in the early 1970s this Portland, Oregon, high school gained exposure as a model of ‘democratic processes.’ Students and faculty used the New England town meeting procedure to solve problems and plan change” (p.33).
Dates: 1970
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Skyline High School, according to Wiles (2005) was “a Dallas, Texas, school offering a comprehensive program under one roof. Students in this school could study almost any curriculum and prepare for many occupations based on the nature of the curriculum” (p.33).
Dates: 1970
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005) Nova High School “a Fort Lauderdale, Florida, school that featured early technical applications to the instructional process. Funded by a Ford Foundation grant, Nova featured early computer applications as well as advanced video technology” (p. 33).
Dates: 1978
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Parkway Schools, according to Wiles (2005) “created in a time of financial crisis, this philadelphia school network demonstrated that schools could be created ‘without walls,’ using the resources of the city as the learning environment. This program,s still in existence, was widely studied in the 1970s” (p.33)?
Dates: 1985
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wile (2005) the Foxfire School was “a late 1980s school located in the rural mountains of Georgia, this school was know for its progressive learning procedures and student0oriented culture” (p.32).
Dates: 1796 - 1859
Duration: 63 years
Notes:
Referred to as the Father of American Education. Instrumental in drafting and passing legislation in Massachusetts that established public schooling precedent.
Dates: 1834 - 1926
Duration: 92 years
Notes:
President of Harvard University for forty years. Called together the Committee of Ten (1892) to establish new college entrance requirements and curricula
Dates: 1837 - 1902
Duration: 65 years
Notes:
Called the Father of Modern Education by Dewey, Parker was an early founder of the Progressive Movement. As superintendent of Quinncy, Massachusetts, schools, Parker is credited with forming up the first “subject” areas.
Dates: 1876 - 1956
Duration: 80 years
Notes:
Long-term professor at the University of Chicago. Wrote the first text in the field, The Curriculum (1919).
Dates: 1886 - 1960
Duration: 74 years
Notes:
Professor at Columbia University form 1920-1951. A leading progressive educator. Best known works: The Child-Centered School (1930) and Foundations of American Education (1947).
Dates: 1896 - 1980
Duration: 84 years
Notes:
Swiss child development specialist emphasizing cognitive growth. Piaget developed a model of states of cognitive development that was used widely in early childhood programs in the 1960s and 1970s.
Dates: 1902 - 1967
Duration: 65 years
Notes:
Known as a practical curriculum developer and instructional design specialist. Best known work: Curriculum Development: Theory into Practice.
Dates: 1904 - 1990
Duration: 86 years
Notes:
Advocate for operant conditioning in learning and programmed instruction. Best known works: The Technology of Teaching (1968) and Beyond Freedom and Dignity (1971).
Dates: 1908 - 1970
Duration: 62 years
Notes:
Psychologist who developed a widely referenced hierarchy of need satisfaction, Maslow’s Hierarchy.
Dates: 1913
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Sass, E. (n.d.) “1913 – Edward Lee Thorndike’s book, Educational Psychology: The Psychology of Learning, is published. It describes his theory that human learning involves habit formation, or connections between stimuli (or situations as Thorndike preferred to call them) and responses (Connectionism). He believes that such connections are strengthened by repetition (”Law of Exercise") and achieving satisfying consequences (“Law of Effect”). These ideas, which contradict traditional faculty psychology and mental discipline, come to dominate American educational psychology for much of the Twentieth Century and greatly influence American educational practice."
Sass, E. (n.d.). American History a Hypertext Timeline. Retrieved from: http://www.cloudnet.com/~edrbsass/educationhistorytimeline.html#1900 and http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/thorndike.htm
Dates: 1913 - 1999
Duration: 86 years
Notes:
Professor at the University of Chicago. Known for the development of taxonomy of cognitive processing, thereby allowing the targeting of curriculum outcomes.
Dates: 1915
Duration: Instant
Notes:
Professor at Harvard University. Headed the Woods Hole conference and advocated “Structures of the Disciplines” organization of subject matter. Best known work: The Process of Education (1960).
Dates: 1916
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Wiles (2005) Dewey was "America’s best known educator-philosopher. Advocated “connectionism” between subjects and pupils through applied learnings. Directed a laboratory school at the University of Chicago. Best known work: Democracy and Education (1916)."
According to Sass, E. (n.d.) "1916 – John Dewey’s Democracy and Education. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Education is published. Dewey’s views help advance the ideas of the “progressive education movement.” An outgrowth of the progressive political movement, progressive education seeks to make schools more effective agents of democracy. His daughter, Evelyn Dewey, coauthors Schools of To-morrow with her father, and goes on to write several books on her own."
Sass, E. (n.d.). American History a Hypertext Timeline. Retrieved from: http://www.cloudnet.com/~edrbsass/educationhistorytimeline.html#1900
Dates: 1916
Duration: Instant
Notes:
According to Sass, E. (n.d.) “1916 – Louis M. Terman and his team of Stanford University graduate students complete an American version of the Binet-Simon Scale. The Stanford Revision of the Binet-Simon Scale becomes a widely-used individual intelligence test, and along with it, the concept of the intelligence quotient (or IQ) is born. The Fifth Edition of the Stanford-Binet Scales is among the most popular individual intelligence tests today. For additional information on the history of intelligence testing, see A.C.E. Detailed History of the I.Q. Test.”
Sass, E. (n.d.). American History a Hypertext Timeline. Retrieved from: http://www.cloudnet.com/~edrbsass/educationhistorytimeline.html#1900
Dates: 1928
Duration: Instant
Notes:
A futurist whose impact on educational thinking in the second half of the twentieth century has been very strong. Best known work: Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction (1949).
Dates: 1900
Duration: Instant
Notes:
At the turn of the century 2,300 automobiles where registered in the US (a combination of steam, gas and electric). Benjamin Holt invents the tractor.
Dates: 1901 - 1901
Duration: 0 years
Notes:
http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/carbons/1900.html
Dates: 1902 - 1902
Duration: 0 years
Notes:
First electric typewriter to be sold worldwide—the Blickensderfer Electric—produced
http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/carbons/1900.html
Dates: 1906 - 1906
Duration: 0 years
Notes:
The Haloid Company founded to manufacture and sell photographic paper (name changed to Xerox Corporation in 1961)
http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/carbons/1900.html
Dates: 1909 - 1909
Duration: 0 years
Notes:
Bakelite, the first totally synthetic plastic, patented
http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/carbons/1900.html
Dates: 1910 - 1910
Duration: 0 years
Notes:
Thomas Edison demonstrated the first motion picture w/ audio
Dates: 1915 - 1915
Duration: 0 years
Notes:
First North American transcontinental telephone call between Thomas A. Watson in San Francisco and Alexander Graham Bell in New York City
http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/carbons/1910.html
Dates: 1918 - 1918
Duration: 0 years
Notes:
Calculating machine based on the binary numbers 0 and 1 built by J. Abraham and E. Bloch
http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/carbons/1910.html
Dates: 1927 - 1927
Duration: 0 years
Notes:
First Picturephone conversation held between Herbert Hoover, then American Secretary of Commerce, and Walter Sherman Gifford, president of AT&T
